Common Chinese Chengyu

Four-character Chinese idioms, ranked by how often they appear in the dictionary, with pinyin and English translation.

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ChinesePinyinTranslationActions
筋疲力尽筋疲力盡jīn pí lì jìnbody weary, strength exhausted (idiom) / extremely tired / spent
水落石出shuǐ luò shí chūas the water recedes, the rocks appear (idiom) / the truth comes to lightsyn
参差不齐參差不齊cēn cī bù qí(idiom) variable / uneven / irregularsyn
历历在目歷歷在目lì lì zài mùvivid in one's mind (idiom)
迎刃而解yíng rèn ér jiělit. (bamboo) splits when it meets the knife's edge (idiom) / fig. easily solvedsyn
兢兢业业兢兢業業jīng jīng yè yè(idiom) conscientious / assiduoussyn
司空见惯司空見慣sī kōng jiàn guàna common occurrence (idiom)syn
光天化日guāng tiān huà rìthe full light of day (idiom) / fig. peace and prosperity / in broad daylightsyn
粉身碎骨fěn shēn suì gǔlit. torn body and crushed bones (idiom) / fig. to die horribly / to sacrifice one's lifesyn
炙手可热炙手可熱zhì shǒu kě rèlit. burn your hand, feel the heat (idiom) / fig. arrogance of the powerful / a mighty figure no-one dares approach / hot (exciting or in favor)
推陈出新推陳出新tuī chén chū xīnto push out the old and bring in the new (idiom) / to innovatesyn
想入非非xiǎng rù fēi fēito indulge in fantasy (idiom) / to let one's imagination run wildsyn
功不可没功不可沒gōng bù kě mòone's contributions cannot go unnoticed (idiom)
愁眉苦脸愁眉苦臉chóu méi kǔ liǎnto look anxious (idiom) / to look miserablesyn
推波助澜推波助瀾tuī bō zhù lánto push the wave and add to the billows (idiom) / to add momentum / to encourage sth to get bigger / to add fuel to the firesyn
千言万语千言萬語qiān yán wàn yǔthousands of words (idiom) / having a lot of things to say / talking nonstop
金碧辉煌金碧輝煌jīn bì huī huánggold and jade in glorious splendor (idiom) / fig. a dazzling sight (e.g. royal palace)syn
安居乐业安居樂業ān jū lè yèto live in peace and work happily (idiom)syn
开门见山開門見山kāi mén jiàn shānlit. to open the door and see the mountain / fig. to get right to the point (idiom)syn
失魂落魄shī hún luò pò(idiom) dazed / beside oneselfsyn
你死我活nǐ sǐ wǒ huólit. you die, I live (idiom) / irreconcilable adversaries / two parties cannot coexistsyn
天壤之别天壤之別tiān rǎng zhī biélit. the difference between heaven and earth (idiom) / fig. night and day difference / a world of difference / a far cry (from)syn
心惊肉跳心驚肉跳xīn jīng ròu tiàolit. heart alarmed, body leaping (idiom) / fear and trepidation in the face of disastersyn
出谋划策出謀劃策chū móu huà cèto put forward plans and ideas (also derogatory) / to give advice (idiom)syn
起死回生qǐ sǐ huí shēngto rise from the dead (idiom) / fig. an unexpected recoverysyn
合情合理hé qíng hé lǐreasonable and fair (idiom)syn
先发制人先發制人xiān fā zhì rén(idiom) to gain the initiative by striking first / to preemptsyn
鸦雀无声鴉雀無聲yā què wú shēnglit. crow and peacock make no sound / absolute silence (idiom) / not a single voice can be heard / absolute silencesyn
翻天覆地fān tiān fù dìsky and the earth turning upside down (idiom) / fig. complete confusion / everything turned on its headsyn
热火朝天熱火朝天rè huǒ cháo tiānin full swing (idiom) / (in a) frenzy / buzzing with activitysyn
平易近人píng yì jìn rénamiable and approachable (idiom) / easygoing / modest and unassuming / (of writing) plain and simple / easy to understandsyn
微乎其微wēi hū qí wēia tiny bit / very little / next to nothing (idiom)syn
屡见不鲜屢見不鮮lǚ jiàn bù xiāna common occurrence (idiom)syn
字里行间字裡行間zì lǐ háng jiānbetween the words and the lines (idiom) / implied meaning / connotationssyn
哑口无言啞口無言yǎ kǒu wú yándumbstruck and unable to reply (idiom) / left speechless / at a loss for wordssyn
一举两得一舉兩得yī jǔ liǎng déone move, two gains (idiom) / two birds with one stonesyn
美不胜收美不勝收měi bù shèng shōunothing more beautiful can be imagined (idiom)syn
寥寥无几寥寥無幾liáo liáo wú jǐjust a very few (idiom) / tiny number / not many at all / You count them on your fingers.syn
以身作则以身作則yǐ shēn zuò zéto set an example (idiom) / to serve as a modelsyn
无理取闹無理取鬧wú lǐ qǔ nàoto make trouble without reason (idiom) / to be deliberately provocativesyn
大起大落dà qǐ dà luò(of market prices etc) to rapidly fluctuate (idiom) / volatile / significant ups and downs / roller coastersyn
美中不足měi zhōng bù zúeverything is fine except for one small defect (idiom) / the fly in the ointment
谈何容易談何容易tán hé róng yìeasier said than done (idiom)syn
事与愿违事與願違shì yǔ yuàn wéithings turn out contrary to the way one wishes (idiom)syn
死里逃生死裡逃生sǐ lǐ táo shēngmortal danger, escape alive (idiom) / a narrow escape / to survive by the skin of one's teethsyn
机不可失機不可失jī bù kě shīNo time to lose! (idiom)
屈指可数屈指可數qū zhǐ kě shǔcan be counted on one's fingers (idiom) / very fewsyn
按部就班àn bù jiù bānto follow the prescribed order / to keep to the working routine (idiom)syn
天翻地覆tiān fān dì fùsky and the earth turning upside down (idiom) / fig. complete confusion / everything turned on its headsyn
行云流水行雲流水xíng yún liú shuǐlit. moving clouds and flowing water (idiom) / fig. very natural and flowing style of calligraphy, writing, etc / natural and unforcedsyn
一朝一夕yī zhāo yī xīlit. one morning and one evening (idiom) / fig. in a short period of time / overnightsyn
不依不饶不依不饒bù yī bù ráonot to overlook, nor spare (idiom) / unwilling to forgive / to treat severely without listening to excuses
千钧一发千鈞一髮qiān jūn yī fàa thousand pounds hangs by a thread (idiom) / imminent peril / a matter of life or deathsyn
狼吞虎咽狼吞虎嚥láng tūn hǔ yànto wolf down one's food (idiom) / to devour ravenously / to gorge oneselfsyn
装模作样裝模作樣zhuāng mó zuò yàngto put on an act (idiom) / to show affectation / to indulge in histrionicssyn
玩世不恭wán shì bù gōngto trifle without respect (idiom) / to despise worldly conventions / frivoloussyn
异军突起異軍突起yì jūn tū qǐto emerge as a new force to be reckoned with (idiom)syn
身体力行身體力行shēn tǐ lì xíngto practice what one preaches (idiom)syn
大相径庭大相徑庭dà xiāng jìng tíngas different as can be (idiom) / poles apartsyn
逃之夭夭táo zhī yāo yāoto escape without trace (idiom) / to make one's getaway (from the scene of a crime) / to show a clean pair of heelssyn
无法无天無法無天wú fǎ wú tiānregardless of the law and of natural morality (idiom) / maverick / undisciplined and out of controlsyn
价廉物美價廉物美jià lián wù měiinexpensive and of good quality (idiom)syn
绰绰有余綽綽有餘chuò chuò yǒu yúenough and to spare (idiom)syn
沉默寡言chén mò guǎ yánhabitually silent (idiom) / reticent / uncommunicativesyn
销声匿迹銷聲匿跡xiāo shēng nì jìto vanish without trace (idiom) / to lie lowsyn
无地自容無地自容wú dì zì róng(idiom) ashamed and unable to show one's facesyn
风土人情風土人情fēng tǔ rén qínglocal conditions and customs (idiom)syn
置之不理zhì zhī bù lǐto pay no heed to (idiom) / to ignore / to brush asidesyn
一窍不通一竅不通yī qiào bù tōnglit. doesn't (even) enter a single aperture (of one's head) / I don't understand a word (idiom) / it's all Greek to mesyn
指日可待zhǐ rì kě dàiimminent / just around the corner (idiom)syn
富丽堂皇富麗堂皇fù lì táng huáng(idiom) (of houses etc) sumptuoussyn
进退两难進退兩難jìn tuì liǎng nánno room to advance or to retreat (idiom) / without any way out of a dilemma / trapped / in an impossible situationsyn
异曲同工異曲同工yì qǔ tóng gōngdifferent tunes played with equal skill (idiom) / different methods leading to the same result / different approach but equally satisfactory outcomesyn
水到渠成shuǐ dào qú chénglit. where water flows, a canal is formed (idiom) / fig. when conditions are right, success will follow naturallysyn
无计可施無計可施wú jì kě shīno strategy left to try (idiom) / at one's wit's end / at the end of one's tether / powerlesssyn
众说纷纭眾說紛紜zhòng shuō fēn yúnopinions differ (idiom)
有生之年yǒu shēng zhī nián(idiom) during one's lifetime / while one is on this earth / in one's remaining yearssyn
驾轻就熟駕輕就熟jià qīng jiù shúlit. an easy drive on a familiar path (idiom) / fig. experience makes progress easy / a task that is so familiar one can do it with one's hand tied behind one's backsyn
一无是处一無是處yī wú shì chù(idiom) not one good point / everything about it is wrongsyn
对症下药對症下藥duì zhèng xià yàolit. to prescribe the right medicine for an illness (idiom) / fig. to study a problem to find the right way to solve it / to take appropriate steps
排忧解难排憂解難pái yōu jiě nànto resolve a difficult situation and leave worries behind (idiom)syn
望而却步望而卻步wàng ér què bùlit. to shrink back at the sight of (sth daunting) (idiom) / fig. to be deterredsyn
焦头烂额焦頭爛額jiāo tóu làn élit. badly burned about the head (from trying to put out a fire) (idiom) / fig. hard-pressed / under pressure (from a heavy workload, creditors etc)syn
千姿百态千姿百態qiān zī bǎi tài(idiom) to come in many different shapes / to display a great variety of formssyn
袖手旁观袖手旁觀xiù shǒu páng guānto watch with folded arms (idiom) / to look on without lifting a fingersyn
昏昏欲睡hūn hūn yù shuìdrowsy / sleepy (idiom)
源远流长源遠流長yuán yuǎn liú chánglit. source is distant and the flow is long (idiom) / fig. sth goes back to the dim and distant past / a lot of water has flowed under the bridge since thensyn
不明不白bù míng bù bái(idiom) obscure / dubious / shadysyn
坐立不安zuò lì bù ānlit. agitated sitting or standing (idiom) / restless / fidgetysyn
眉开眼笑眉開眼笑méi kāi yǎn xiàobrows raised in delight, eyes laughing (idiom) / beaming with joy / all smilessyn
当机立断當機立斷dāng jī lì duànto make prompt decisions (idiom)syn
如日中天rú rì zhōng tiānlit. like the sun at noon (idiom) / fig. to be at the peak of one's power, career etcsyn
一鸣惊人一鳴驚人yī míng jīng rénto amaze the world with a single brilliant feat (idiom) / an overnight celebritysyn
一丝一毫一絲一毫yī sī yī háoone thread, one hair (idiom) / a tiny bit / an iotasyn
如痴如醉rú chī rú zuì(idiom) enthralled / mesmerized / enrapturedsyn
背道而驰背道而馳bèi dào ér chíto run in the opposite direction (idiom) / to run counter tosyn
心花怒放xīn huā nù fàngto burst with joy (idiom) / to be over the moon / to be elatedsyn
呼风唤雨呼風喚雨hū fēng huàn yǔto call the wind and summon the rain (idiom) / to exercise magical powers / fig. to stir up troubles
见多识广見多識廣jiàn duō shí guǎngexperienced and knowledgeable (idiom)syn
忠心耿耿zhōng xīn gěng gěngloyal and devoted (idiom) / faithful and truesyn
The four tones The four tones of Mandarin Pitch over time: tone 1 high and level (red), tone 2 rising (orange), tone 3 falling then rising (green), tone 4 falling (blue). tone 1 tone 2 tone 3 tone 4 Time Pitch

What a chengyu actually is

A chengyu is almost always four characters long, and it is not a proverb. It is a compressed classical phrase that Chinese still uses in ordinary speech and writing: the characters keep an old order and an old meaning, and unpacking them word by word will not give you the sense. That is why a dictionary of chengyu is a separate tool from the main dictionary, which treats them as ordinary entries.

The list here is not an index of every idiom in the language. It is the most frequent four-character idioms that the English column of the dictionary marks as such, ranked by how often they appear. The ones a learner meets in news, fiction and conversation sit at the top; rarer literary forms sit further down, or not on this page at all.

Each line links through to its dictionary entry, where you will find the full definition and, when the corpus has one, an example sentence. The search tool on the other side of this page is for looking up an idiom you already have in front of you; this list is for discovering which ones are worth knowing first.

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