上 shàng (bound form) up / upper / above / previous / first (of multiple parts) / to climb / to get onto / to go up / to attend (class or university) / (directional complement) up / (noun suffix) on / above syn 不过 不過 bù guò only / merely / no more than / but / however / anyway (to get back to a previous topic) / cannot be more (after adjectival) syn 以前 yǐ qián before / formerly / previous / ago syn 往 wàng to go (in a direction) / to / towards / (of a train) bound for / past / previous syn 失败 失敗 shī bài to be defeated / to lose / to fail (e.g. experiments) / failure / defeat / CL:次[ci4] syn 不知 bù zhī not to know / unaware / unknowingly / fig. not to admit (defeat, hardships, tiredness etc) 切 qiè definitely / absolutely (not) / (scoffing or dismissive interjection) Yeah, right. / Tut! / to grind / (bound form) close to / (bound form) eager / to correspond to / (used to indicate that the fanqie 反切[fan3 qie4] system should be applied to the previous two characters) syn 以来 以來 yǐ lái since (a previous event) syn 则 則 zé (literary) (conjunction used to express contrast with a previous clause) but / then / (bound form) standard / norm / (bound form) principle / (literary) to imitate / to follow / classifier for written items syn 打败 打敗 dǎ bài to defeat / to overpower / to beat / to be defeated syn 楼上 樓上 lóu shàng upstairs / (Internet slang) previous poster in a forum thread 击败 擊敗 jī bài to defeat / to beat syn 战胜 戰勝 zhàn shèng to prevail over / to defeat / to surmount syn 前科 qián kē criminal record / previous convictions 屈服 qū fú to surrender / to succumb / to yield / (as a transitive verb) to defeat / to prevail over syn 上星期 shàng xīng qī last week / previous week 认输 認輸 rèn shū to concede / to admit defeat syn 胜负 勝負 shèng fù victory or defeat / the outcome of a battle syn 挫折 cuò zhé setback / reverse / check / defeat / frustration / disappointment / to frustrate / to discourage / to set sb back / to blunt / to subdue syn 上天 shàng tiān Heaven / Providence / God / the sky above / to fly skywards / (euphemism) to die / to pass away / the previous day (or days) syn 换班 換班 huàn bān to change shift / the next work shift / to relieve (a workman on the previous shift) / to take over the job 打垮 dǎ kuǎ to defeat / to strike down / to destroy syn 挫败 挫敗 cuò bài to thwart / to foil (sb's plans) / a setback / a failure / a defeat syn 顽强 頑強 wán qiáng tenacious / hard to defeat syn 上任 shàng rèn to take office / previous (incumbent) / predecessor syn 过往 過往 guò wǎng to come and go / to have friendly relations with / in the past / previous syn 原状 原狀 yuán zhuàng previous condition / original state syn 惨遭 慘遭 cǎn zāo to suffer (defeat, death etc) syn 失利 shī lì to lose / to suffer defeat syn 一败涂地 一敗塗地 yī bài tú dì lit. defeated, the ground blanketed with bodies (idiom) / fig. to suffer a crushing defeat syn 惨败 慘敗 cǎn bài to suffer a crushing defeat syn 滑铁卢 滑鐵盧 huá tiě lú Waterloo (Belgium) / Battle of Waterloo (1815) / (fig.) a defeat 击溃 擊潰 jī kuì to defeat / to smash / to rout syn 前功尽弃 前功盡棄 qián gōng jìn qì to waste all one's previous efforts (idiom) / all that has been achieved goes down the drain syn 前世 qián shì previous generations / previous incarnation (Buddhism) syn 前段 qián duàn front part (of an object) / first part (of an event) / previous paragraph 往年 wǎng nián in former years / in previous years syn 身败名裂 身敗名裂 shēn bài míng liè to lose one's standing / to have one's reputation swept away / a complete defeat and fall from grace syn 服输 服輸 fú shū to concede / to admit defeat / to admit sth is wrong after insisting it is right syn 原处 原處 yuán chù original spot / previous place / where it was before 接班 jiē bān to take over (from those working the previous shift) / to take over (in a leadership role etc) / to succeed sb syn 翻船 fān chuán to capsize / (fig.) to suffer a setback or defeat 改口 gǎi kǒu to change one's tune / to modify one's previous remark / to change the way one addresses sb (as when one marries and starts to call one's husband's parents 爸爸[ba4 ba5] and 媽媽|妈妈[ma1 ma5]) syn 隔夜 gé yè overnight / of the previous day 全军覆没 全軍覆沒 quán jūn fù mò total defeat of an army (idiom) / fig. a complete wipeout syn 反败为胜 反敗為勝 fǎn bài wéi shèng to turn defeat into victory (idiom) / to turn the tide 落败 落敗 luò bài to suffer a defeat / to fail / to fall behind syn 大败 大敗 dà bài to defeat / to inflict a defeat on sb syn 破败 破敗 pò bài to defeat / to crush (in battle) / beaten / ruined / destroyed / in decline syn 胜败 勝敗 shèng bài victory or defeat / result syn 在先 zài xiān to come first / previous / prior / beforehand / first / formerly syn 老一辈 老一輩 lǎo yī bèi previous generation / older generation syn 前身 qián shēn forerunner / predecessor / precursor / previous incarnation (Buddhism) / jacket front syn 败北 敗北 bài běi (literary) to be routed (in a war) / to suffer defeat (in sports etc) syn 前生 qián shēng previous life / previous incarnation syn 人仰马翻 人仰馬翻 rén yǎng mǎ fān to suffer a crushing defeat (idiom) / in a pitiful state / in a complete mess / to roll (with laughter) syn 反扑 反撲 fǎn pū to counterattack / to come back after a defeat / to retrieve lost ground syn 知难而退 知難而退 zhī nán ér tuì lit. to sound out the difficulties and retreat to avoid defeat (idiom) / fig. to back out of an awkward situation / to get out on finding out what it's really like syn 败退 敗退 bài tuì to retreat in defeat syn 败仗 敗仗 bài zhàng lost battle / defeat 功败垂成 功敗垂成 gōng bài chuí chéng to fail within sight of success (idiom) / last-minute failure / to fall at the last hurdle / snatching defeat from the jaws of victory syn 大胜 大勝 dà shèng to defeat decisively / to win decisively / great victory / triumph syn 历届 歷屆 lì jiè all previous (meetings, sessions etc) syn 前朝 qián cháo the previous dynasty 同比 tóng bǐ (statistics) compared with the same period of the previous year / year on year / year over year syn 过去 過去 guò qù (in the) past / former / previous / to go over / to pass by syn 上一个 上一個 shàng yī ge previous one 前几天 前幾天 qián jǐ tiān a few days ago / a few days before / the past few days / the previous few days 上个 上個 shàng ge first (of two parts) / last (week etc) / previous / the above 上页 上頁 shàng yè previous page 直通车 直通車 zhí tōng chē "through train" (refers to the idea of retaining previous legislature after transition to Chinese rule in Hong Kong or Macao) 落荒而逃 luò huāng ér táo to flee in defeat / to bolt syn 昔年 xī nián former years / previous years syn 重挫 zhòng cuò devastating setback / slump (in stock market etc) / crushing defeat / to cause a serious setback / to plummet 赤壁之战 赤壁之戰 chì bì zhī zhàn Battle of Redcliff of 208 at Chibi in Huangzhou district 黃州區|黄州区[Huang2 zhou1 qu1] of Huanggang city 黃岡|黄冈[Huang2 gang1], a decisive defeat of Cao Cao 曹操[Cao2 Cao1] at the hands of southern kingdom of Wu / famous episode in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms 三國演義|三国演义[San1 guo2 Yan3 yi4] 甘拜下风 甘拜下風 gān bài xià fēng to step down gracefully (humble expression) / to concede defeat / to play second fiddle syn 败走 敗走 bài zǒu to run away (in defeat) 长江后浪推前浪 長江後浪推前浪 cháng jiāng hòu làng tuī qián làng lit. the rear waves of the Yangtze River drive on those before (idiom) / fig. the new is constantly replacing the old / each new generation excels the previous / (of things) to be constantly evolving 剃光头 剃光頭 tì guāng tóu to shave the whole head clean / crushing defeat 以少胜多 以少勝多 yǐ shǎo shèng duō using the few to defeat the many (idiom) / to win from a position of weakness 李陵 lǐ líng Li Ling (-74 BC), Han dynasty general whose defeat by the Xiongnu 匈奴 in 104 BC led to a major scandal 红盘 紅盤 hóng pán (of a stock price or market index) currently higher than at the previous day's close 守业 守業 shǒu yè to preserve one's heritage / to defend the accomplishments of previous generations / to carry on the good work / to keep one's business going 遗老 遺老 yí lǎo old fogy / adherent of previous dynasty syn 破 pò broken / damaged / worn out / lousy / rotten / to break, split or cleave / to get rid of / to destroy / to break with / to defeat / to capture (a city etc) / to expose the truth of syn 胜 勝 shèng victory / success / to beat / to defeat / to surpass / victorious / superior to / to get the better of / better than / surpassing / superb (of vista) / beautiful (scenery) / wonderful (view) / (Taiwan pr. [sheng1]) able to bear / equal to (a task) syn 败 敗 bài to defeat / to damage / to lose (to an opponent) / to fail / to wither syn 伏 fú to lean over / to fall (go down) / to hide (in ambush) / to conceal oneself / to lie low / hottest days of summer / to submit / to concede defeat / to overcome / to subdue / volt syn 弊 bì detriment / fraud / harm / defeat syn 上回 shàng huí last time / the previous time 洗雪 xǐ xuě to erase / to wipe out (a previous humiliation etc) syn 铩羽而归 鎩羽而歸 shā yǔ ér guī (idiom) to return in low spirits following a defeat or failure to achieve one's ambitions 恍如隔世 huǎng rú gé shì like a thing of the previous generation / as if it were a lifetime ago 阿拉木图 阿拉木圖 ā lā mù tú Almaty, previous capital of Kazakhstan 服软 服軟 fú ruǎn to admit defeat / to give in / to acknowledge a mistake / to apologize / to be amenable to persuasion syn 迷魂汤 迷魂湯 mí hún tāng potion given to souls before they are reincarnated, which makes them forget their previous life (aka 孟婆湯|孟婆汤[meng4po2tang1]) / magic potion / (fig.) bewitching words or actions syn 上代 shàng dài previous generation syn 亲代 親代 qīn dài parent's generation / previous generation 折节读书 折節讀書 zhé jié dú shū to start reading furiously, contrary to previous habit (idiom) 