乳酸菌网络 乳酸菌網絡 Lactic Acid Bacteria Network 产酸细菌 產酸細菌 acid-producing bacteria / acidogenic bacteria 乳酸 rǔ suān lactic acid 甲酸 jiǎ suān formylic acid (HCOOH) / formic acid / methanoic acid 氢卤酸 氫鹵酸 qīng lǔ suān hydrohalic acid (e.g. hydrofluoric acid HF 氫氟酸|氢氟酸[qing1 fu2 suan1], hydrochloric acid HCl 鹽酸|盐酸[yan2 suan1] etc) 废酸 廢酸 fèi suān spent acid / sludge acid / waste acid 病菌 bìng jūn harmful bacteria / pathogenic bacteria / germs syn 核酸 hé suān nucleic acid / (coll.) nucleic acid test (abbr. for 核酸檢測|核酸检测[he2suan1 jian3ce4]) 乙酸 yǐ suān acetic acid (CH3COOH) / ethanoic acid syn 烟酸 煙酸 yān suān niacin (vitamin B3) / 3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid C6H5NO2 / nicotinic acid syn 谷氨酸 穀氨酸 gǔ ān suān glutamic acid (Glu), an amino acid 二甲基胂酸 èr jiǎ jī shèn suān dimethylarsenic acid (CH3)2AsO2H / cacodylic acid 二甲基砷酸 èr jiǎ jī shēn suān dimethylarsenic acid (CH3)2AsO2H / cacodylic acid 天冬氨酸 tiān dōng ān suān aspartic acid (Asp), an amino acid 柠檬酸循环 檸檬酸循環 níng méng suān xún huán citric acid cycle / Krebs cycle / tricarboxylic acid cycle 泛酸 fàn suān pantothenic acid / vitamin B5 / to surge up (of acid in the stomach) 烟碱酸 煙鹼酸 yān jiǎn suān niacin (vitamin B3) / nicotinic acid / Pyridine-3-carboxylic acid C6H5NO2 菸碱酸 菸鹼酸 yān jiǎn suān niacin (vitamin B3) / 3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid C6H5NO2 / nicotinic acid 厉害 厲害 lì hai (used to describe sb or sth that makes a very strong impression, whether favorable or unfavorable) terrible / intense / severe / devastating / amazing / awesome / outstanding / (of a person) stern / strict / harsh / shrewd / tough / (of an animal) fierce / (of a resemblance) striking / (of liquor or chili pepper) strong / (of bacteria) virulent syn 杆菌 桿菌 gǎn jūn bacillus (any rod-shaped bacteria) 球菌 qiú jūn coccus (spherical bacteria pathogen) 衣原体 衣原體 yī yuán tǐ Chlamydia (genus of intracellular parasitic bacteria) 支原体 支原體 zhī yuán tǐ Mycoplasma (parasitic bacteria without cell wall) 链球菌 鏈球菌 liàn qiú jūn streptococcus (genus of bacteria) 致病菌 zhì bìng jūn pathogenic bacteria syn 原生动物 原生動物 yuán shēng dòng wù protozoan (bacteria) 曲 qū fermentation starter / leaven (molds, yeasts or bacteria used in fermenting soy products or brewing etc) / Taiwan pr. [qu2] syn 菌 jūn germ / bacteria / fungus / mold / Taiwan pr. [jun4] syn 军团杆菌 軍團桿菌 jūn tuán gǎn jūn legionella bacteria 包柔氏螺旋体 包柔氏螺旋體 bāo róu shì luó xuán tǐ Borrelia, genus of Spirochaete bacteria 包氏螺旋体 包氏螺旋體 bāo shì luó xuán tǐ Borrelia, genus of Spirochaete bacteria 厌氧菌 厭氧菌 yàn yǎng jūn anaerobic bacteria 嗜血杆菌 嗜血桿菌 shì xuè gǎn jūn hemophile bacteria / hemophilus 格兰氏阴性 格蘭氏陰性 gé lán shì yīn xìng Gram negative (of bacteria) / also written 革蘭氏陰性|革兰氏阴性 立克次体 立克次體 lì kè cì tǐ Rickettsia (genus of intracellular parasitic bacteria) 细菌病毒 細菌病毒 xì jūn bìng dú bacteriophage / virus that infects bacteria 螺旋体 螺旋體 luó xuán tǐ Spirochaetes, phylum of extremophile bacteria / spiral-shaped bacterium, e.g. causing syphilis 适温 適溫 shì wēn thermophile (e.g. bacteria) / heat-loving 革兰氏染色法 革蘭氏染色法 gé lán shì rǎn sè fǎ Gram stain (used to distinguished two different kinds of bacteria) 革兰氏阴性 革蘭氏陰性 gé lán shì yīn xìng Gram negative (bacteria that do not retain Gram stain, often the more dangerous kind) 革兰阳 革蘭陽 gé lán yáng Gram-positive (bacteria) 革兰阳性 革蘭陽性 gé lán yáng xìng Gram-positive (bacteria) 大肠菌 大腸菌 dà cháng jùn coliform bacteria 向光细菌 phototropic bacteria 粪便大肠菌 糞便大腸菌 faecal coliform bacteria 化学合成细菌 化學合成細菌 chemosynthetic bacteria 化能合成细菌 化能合成細菌 chemosynthetic bacteria 两性 兩性 liǎng xìng male and female / both types (acid and alkaline, positive and negative etc) / (chemistry) amphoteric 氨基酸 ān jī suān amino acid 盐酸 鹽酸 yán suān hydrochloric acid HCl 硫酸 liú suān sulfuric acid H2SO4 / sulfate 磷酸 lín suān phosphoric acid 脂肪酸 zhī fáng suān fatty acid 醋酸 cù suān acetic acid (CH3COOH) / acetate syn 碳酸 tàn suān carbonic acid / carbonate 丙烯酸 bǐng xī suān acrylic acid C3H4O2 硝酸 xiāo suān nitric acid syn 叶酸 葉酸 yè suān folic acid 胃酸 wèi suān gastric acid syn 柠檬酸 檸檬酸 níng méng suān citric acid 酸溜溜 suān liū liū sour / acid syn 耐酸 nài suān acid-resistant 赖氨酸 賴氨酸 lài ān suān lysine (Lys), an essential amino acid 酸雨 suān yǔ acid rain 苯甲酸 běn jiǎ suān benzoic acid C6H5COOH 草酸 cǎo suān oxalic acid C2H2O4 硬脂酸 yìng zhī suān stearic acid / stearate 水杨酸 水楊酸 shuǐ yáng suān salicylic acid 酒石酸 jiǔ shí suān tartaric acid 蛋氨酸 dàn ān suān methionine (Met), an essential amino acid 硼酸 péng suān boric acid H3BO3 硅酸 guī suān silicic acid / silicate 酪氨酸 lào ān suān tyrosine (Tyr), an amino acid 耐受性 nài shòu xìng tolerance (to heat, acid etc) / resistance 醇酸 chún suān alkyd / alcohol acid / hydroxyacid 羧酸 suō suān carboxylic acid 油酸 yóu suān oleic acid 丙氨酸 bǐng ān suān alanine (Ala), an amino acid 透明质酸 透明質酸 tòu míng zhì suān hyaluronic acid / hyaluronan 冰醋酸 bīng cù suān glacial acetic acid syn 半胱氨酸 bàn guāng ān suān cysteine (Cys), an amino acid / mercaptoethyl amine 亚麻酸 亞麻酸 yà má suān linolenic acid 甘氨酸 gān ān suān glycine (Gly), an amino acid 精氨酸 jīng ān suān argnine (Arg), an essential amino acid 尖酸 jiān suān harsh / scathing / acid (remarks) syn 色氨酸 sè ān suān tryptophan (Trp), an essential amino acid 氰酸 qíng suān cyanic acid HCN 抗坏血酸 抗壞血酸 kàng huài xuè suān vitamin C / ascorbic acid 亚硝酸 亞硝酸 yà xiāo suān nitrous acid 氢氟酸 氫氟酸 qīng fú suān hydrofluoric acid HF 氢溴酸 氫溴酸 qīng xiù suān hydrobromic acid HBr 弱酸 ruò suān weak acid 丙酮酸 bǐng tóng suān pyruvic acid CH3COCOOH 亚硫酸 亞硫酸 yà liú suān sulfurous acid H2SO3 丝氨酸 絲氨酸 sī ān suān serine (Ser), an amino acid 苏氨酸 蘇氨酸 sū ān suān threonine (Thr), an essential amino acid 单宁酸 單寧酸 dān níng suān tannic acid (loanword) 己二酸 jǐ èr suān adipic acid 亮氨酸 liàng ān suān leucine (Leu), an essential amino acid 