红军 紅軍 hóng jūn Red Army (1928-1937), predecessor of the PLA / (Soviet) Red Army (1917-1946) syn 三军 三軍 sān jūn (in former times) upper, middle and lower army / army of right, center and left / (in modern times) the three armed services: Army, Navy and Air Force syn 集团军 集團軍 jí tuán jūn army grouping / collective army 正规军 正規軍 zhèng guī jūn regular army / standing army 调兵遣将 調兵遣將 diào bīng qiǎn jiàng to move an army and send a general (idiom) / to deploy an army / to send a team on a task syn 关东军 關東軍 guān dōng jūn Japanese Kwantung army (or Kantō army), notorious for numerous atrocities in China during WWII 绿营 綠營 lǜ yíng Green Standard Army, standing infantry during Qing dynasty, originally formed from Ming and other Chinese army units 元军 元軍 yuán jūn Mongol army / army of Yuan dynasty 项英 項英 xiàng yīng Xiang Ying (1898-1941), communist general involved in forming the New Fourth Army 新四軍|新四军[Xin1 si4 jun1], killed in 1941 during the New Fourth Army incident 皖南事變|皖南事变[Wan3 nan2 Shi4 bian4] 常胜军 常勝軍 cháng shèng jūn Ever Victorious Army (1860-1864), Qing dynasty army equipped and trained jointly with Europeans and used esp. against the Taiping rebels 兵痞 bīng pǐ army riffraff / army ruffian / soldier of fortune syn 进行 進行 jìn xíng (of a process etc) to proceed / to be in progress / to be underway / (of people) to carry out / to conduct (an investigation or discussion etc) / (of an army etc) to be on the march / to advance syn 师 師 shī teacher / master / expert / model / army division / (old) troops / to dispatch troops syn 上校 shàng xiào high ranking officer in Chinese army / colonel 部队 部隊 bù duì army / armed forces / troops / force / unit / CL:個|个[ge4] syn 中尉 zhōng wèi lieutenant (navy) / first lieutenant (army) / subaltern 兵 bīng soldiers / a force / an army / weapons / arms / military / warlike / CL:個|个[ge4] syn 制服 zhì fú to subdue / to check / to bring under control / (in former times) what one is allowed to wear depending on social status / uniform (army, party, school etc) / livery (for company employees) / CL:套[tao4] 军 軍 jūn (bound form) army / military syn 少校 shào xiào junior ranking officer in Chinese army / major / lieutenant commander 巡逻 巡邏 xún luó to patrol (police, army or navy) syn 中校 zhōng xiào middle ranking officer in Chinese army / lieutenant colonel / commander 服役 fú yì to serve in the army / in active service syn 陆军 陸軍 lù jūn army / ground forces syn 美军 美軍 měi jūn US army / US armed forces 下士 xià shì lowest-ranked noncommissioned officer (e.g. corporal in the army or petty officer, third class in the navy) 参军 參軍 cān jūn to join the army / (official title in imperial China) military adviser / aide-de-camp syn 叛军 叛軍 pàn jūn rebel army 当兵 當兵 dāng bīng to serve in the army / to be a soldier syn 巡逻队 巡邏隊 xún luó duì (army, police) patrol 入伍 rù wǔ to enter the army / to enlist syn 新兵 xīn bīng new (army) recruit syn 大军 大軍 dà jūn army / main forces syn 逃兵 táo bīng army deserter 少尉 shào wèi second lieutenant (army rank) 军营 軍營 jūn yíng barracks / army camp syn 兵团 兵團 bīng tuán large military unit / formation / corps / army 主力 zhǔ lì main force / main strength of an army 十字军 十字軍 shí zì jūn crusaders / army of crusaders / the Crusades 日军 日軍 rì jūn Japanese army / Japanese troops 军衔 軍銜 jūn xián army rank / military rank 后撤 後撤 hòu chè to pull back (an army) / to retreat syn 英军 英軍 yīng jūn British army 纵队 縱隊 zòng duì column / file (formation of people) (CL:列[lie4],路[lu4]) / PLA army corps (1946-1949) (CL:個|个[ge4]) 从军 從軍 cóng jūn to enlist / to serve in the army syn 列兵 liè bīng private (army) 军旅 軍旅 jūn lǚ army syn 解放军 解放軍 jiě fàng jūn People's Liberation Army (PRC armed forces) syn 开小差 開小差 kāi xiǎo chāi to be absent-minded / to desert / to abscond from the army / absent without leave (AWOL) syn 全军覆没 全軍覆沒 quán jūn fù mò total defeat of an army (idiom) / fig. a complete wipeout syn 兵马俑 兵馬俑 bīng mǎ yǒng figurines of warriors and horses buried with the dead / Terracotta Army (historic site) syn 兵变 兵變 bīng biàn mutiny / (Tw) to be dumped by one's girlfriend while serving in the army 全军 全軍 quán jūn whole army 纸上谈兵 紙上談兵 zhǐ shàng tán bīng lit. military tactics on paper (idiom) / fig. theoretical discussion that is worse than useless in practice / armchair strategist / idle theorizing / cf Zhao Kuo 趙括|赵括[Zhao4 Kuo4] leading an army of 400,000 to total annihilation at battle of Changping 長平之戰|长平之战[Chang2 ping2 zhi1 Zhan4] in 260 BC syn 政府军 政府軍 zhèng fǔ jūn government army 政委 zhèng wěi political commissar (within the army) 大尉 dà wèi captain (army rank) / senior captain 号令 號令 hào lìng an order (esp. army) / bugle call expressing military order / verbal command syn 革命军 革命軍 gé mìng jūn revolutionary army syn 远征军 遠征軍 yuǎn zhēng jūn expeditionary force / army on a distant expedition 粮草 糧草 liáng cǎo army provisions / rations and fodder syn 志愿军 志願軍 zhì yuàn jūn volunteer army syn 招兵买马 招兵買馬 zhāo bīng mǎi mǎ lit. to recruit soldiers and buy horses (idiom) / fig. to raise an army / to recruit new staff syn 勤务兵 勤務兵 qín wù bīng army orderly syn 俄军 俄軍 é jūn Russian army 军粮 軍糧 jūn liáng army provisions 皇军 皇軍 huáng jūn imperial army (esp. Japanese) 大校 dà xiào senior ranking officer in Chinese army / senior colonel syn 旗手 qí shǒu a flag carrier (army) / ensign 残兵败将 殘兵敗將 cán bīng bài jiàng ruined army, defeated general (idiom) / scattered remnants syn 上等兵 shàng děng bīng private first class (army rank) 义军 義軍 yì jūn volunteer army syn 战旗 戰旗 zhàn qí a war flag / an army banner 军民 軍民 jūn mín army-civilian / military-masses / military-civilian 义勇军 義勇軍 yì yǒng jūn volunteer army syn 千军万马 千軍萬馬 qiān jūn wàn mǎ magnificent army with thousands of men and horses (idiom) / impressive display of manpower / all the King's horses and all the King's men syn 法军 法軍 fǎ jūn French army 中国人民解放军 中國人民解放軍 zhōng guó rén mín jiě fàng jūn Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) syn 军政 軍政 jūn zhèng army and government 练兵 練兵 liàn bīng to drill troops / army training syn 士卒 shì zú soldier / private (army) syn 整风 整風 zhěng fēng Rectification or Rectifying incorrect work styles, Maoist slogan / cf Rectification campaign 整風運動|整风运动, army purge of 1942-44 and anti-rightist purge of 1957 挥师 揮師 huī shī in command of the army 充军 充軍 chōng jūn to banish (to an army post, as a punishment) syn 营垒 營壘 yíng lěi army camp syn 兵强马壮 兵強馬壯 bīng qiáng mǎ zhuàng lit. strong soldiers and sturdy horses (idiom) / fig. a well-trained and powerful army syn 校官 xiào guān military officer / ranked officer in Chinese army, divided into 大校, 上校, 中校, 少校 人民解放军 人民解放軍 rén mín jiě fàng jūn People's Liberation Army syn 八路军 八路軍 bā lù jūn Eighth Route Army, the larger of the two major Chinese communist forces fighting the Japanese in the Second Sino-Japanese War (1937-1945) syn 林彪 lín biāo Lin Biao (1908-1971), Chinese army leader at the time of the Cultural Revolution 都督 dū dū (army) commander-in-chief (archaic) / provincial military governor and civil administrator during the early Republic of China era (1911-1949 AD) 朱德 zhū dé Zhu De (1886-1976), communist leader and founder of the People's Liberation Army 清军 清軍 qīng jūn the Qing army syn 新四军 新四軍 xīn sì jūn New Fourth army of Republic of China, set up in 1937 and controlled by the communists 张学良 張學良 zhāng xué liáng Zhang Xueliang (1901-2001) son of Fengtian clique warlord, then senior general for the Nationalists and subsequently for the People's Liberation Army 湘军 湘軍 xiāng jūn Hunan army, irregular force formed in 1850s to fight the Taiping heavenly kingdom rebellion 天兵 tiān bīng celestial soldier / (old) imperial troops / (Tw, jocular) clumsy army recruit / (more generally) bungler / screw-up syn 瑞士军刀 瑞士軍刀 ruì shì jūn dāo Swiss Army knife 野战军 野戰軍 yě zhàn jūn field army 