单位 單位 dān wèi unit (of measure) / unit (group of people as a whole) / work unit (place of employment, esp. in the PRC prior to economic reform) / CL:個|个[ge4] syn 改造 gǎi zào to transform / to reform / to remodel / to remold syn 改革 gǎi gé reform / CL:次[ci4],種|种[zhong3],項|项[xiang4] / to reform syn 改良 gǎi liáng to improve (sth) / to reform (a system) syn 再造 zài zào to give a new lease of life / to reconstruct / to reform / to rework / to recycle / to reproduce (copies, or offspring) / restoration / restructuring syn 感化 gǎn huà corrective influence / to reform (a criminal) / redemption (of a sinner) / to influence (a malefactor to a better life) / to guide sb back to the right path by repeated word and example syn 劳改 勞改 láo gǎi abbr. for 勞動改造|劳动改造[lao2 dong4 gai3 zao4] / reform through labor / laogai (prison camp) syn 狂飙 狂飆 kuáng biāo hurricane / violent reform or revolution / violent movement or force syn 整改 zhěng gǎi to reform / to rectify and improve syn 维新 維新 wéi xīn (political) reform / revitalization / modernization syn 土地改革 tǔ dì gǎi gé land reform 经济基础 經濟基礎 jīng jì jī chǔ socio-economic base / economic foundation 变法 變法 biàn fǎ to change the laws / political reform / unconventional method syn 工读生 工讀生 gōng dú shēng student who also works part-time / (old) reform-school student 土改 tǔ gǎi land reform (abbr. for 土地改革[tu3di4 gai3ge2]) 改革开放 改革開放 gǎi gé kāi fàng to reform and open to the outside world / refers to Deng Xiaoping's policies from around 1980 发改委 發改委 fā gǎi wěi abbr. for 國家發展和改革委員會|国家发展和改革委员会, PRC National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC), formed in 2003 医改 醫改 yī gǎi reform of the medical system 梁启超 梁啟超 liáng qǐ chāo Liang Qichao (1873-1929), influential journalist and a leader of the failed reform movement of 1898 金融改革 jīn róng gǎi gé financial reform 康有为 康有為 kāng yǒu wéi Kang Youwei (1858-1927), Confucian intellectual, educator and would-be reformer, main leader of the failed reform movement of 1898 自新 zì xīn to reform oneself / to mend one's ways and start life anew 贫下中农 貧下中農 pín xià zhōng nóng (category defined by the Communist Party) poor and lower-middle peasants: farmers who, before land reform, possessed little or no land (poor peasants) and those who were barely able to support themselves with their own land (lower-middle peasants) 谭嗣同 譚嗣同 tán sì tóng Tan Sitong (1865-1898), Qing writer and politician, one of the Six Gentlemen Martyrs 戊戌六君子 of the unsuccessful reform movement of 1898 移风易俗 移風易俗 yí fēng yì sú (idiom) to reform habits and customs syn 改过自新 改過自新 gǎi guò zì xīn to reform and start afresh (idiom) / to turn over a new leaf syn 革 gé animal hide / leather / to reform / to remove / to expel (from office) syn 悛 quān to reform 国家计划委员会 國家計劃委員會 guó jiā jì huà wěi yuán huì PRC State Planning Committee, set up in 1952, replaced in 1998 by State Development and Planning Committee 國家發展計劃委員會|国家发展计划委员会[Guo2 jia1 Fa1 zhan3 Ji4 hua4 Wei3 yuan2 hui4] then in 2003 by National Development and Reform Commission 國家發展和改革委員會|国家发展和改革委员会[Guo2 jia1 Fa1 zhan3 he2 Gai3 ge2 Wei3 yuan2 hui4] 经济 經濟 jīng jì economy / economic syn 事务 事務 shì wù (political, economic etc) affairs / work / transaction (as in a computer database) syn 复苏 復蘇 fù sū variant of 復甦|复苏[fu4 su1] / to recover (health, economic) / to resuscitate / anabiosis syn 泡沫 pào mò foam / (soap) bubble / (economic) bubble syn 制裁 zhì cái to punish / punishment / sanctions (incl. economic) syn 板块 板塊 bǎn kuài slab / (geology) tectonic plate / (fig.) sector (of the stock market or of industry) / (economic) bloc 卡萨布兰卡 卡薩布蘭卡 kǎ sà bù lán kǎ Casablanca (Morocco's economic capital) 拉动 拉動 lā dòng to pull / (fig.) to stimulate (economic activity) / to motivate (people to do sth) syn 经济危机 經濟危機 jīng jì wēi jī economic crisis syn 粮票 糧票 liáng piào coupons for food or grain used in a PRC economic program c. 1955-1993 重地 zhòng dì location of political, economic, military, or cultural importance (usu. not open to the general public) / sensitive area syn 经济体 經濟體 jīng jì tǐ an economy / a country (or region etc) viewed as an economic entity 经济效益 經濟效益 jīng jì xiào yì economic 经济特区 經濟特區 jīng jì tè qū special economic zone 外向型 wài xiàng xíng export-oriented (economic model) 大跃进 大躍進 dà yuè jìn Great Leap Forward (1958-1960), Mao's attempt to modernize China's economy, which resulted in economic devastation, and millions of deaths from famine caused by misguided policies 经济界 經濟界 jīng jì jiè economic circles 经济发展 經濟發展 jīng jì fā zhǎn economic development 经济增长 經濟增長 jīng jì zēng zhǎng economic growth 邓小平理论 鄧小平理論 dèng xiǎo píng lǐ lùn Deng Xiaoping Theory / Dengism / the foundation of PRC economic development after the Cultural Revolution, building the capitalist economy within Chinese Communist Party control 社会经济 社會經濟 shè huì jīng jì socio-economic 经济合作 經濟合作 jīng jì hé zuò economic co-operation 经济体制 經濟體制 jīng jì tǐ zhì economic system 中国特色社会主义 中國特色社會主義 zhōng guó tè sè shè huì zhǔ yì socialism with Chinese characteristics, phrase introduced by the CCP in 1986 to refer to its ideological model, embracing the economic reforms of the post-Mao era 泰达 泰達 tài dá TEDA (Tianjin Economic Development Area) 信报 信報 xìn bào abbr. for 信報財經新聞|信报财经新闻, Hong Kong Economic Journal 经济状况 經濟狀況 jīng jì zhuàng kuàng economic situation 经济问题 經濟問題 jīng jì wèn tí economic problem 经济一体化 經濟一體化 jīng jì yī tǐ huà economic integration 淮海 huái hǎi Huaihai, economic hub around Xuzhou 徐州[Xu2 zhou1], including parts of Jiangsu, Shandong, Henan and Anhui provinces 生产关系 生產關係 shēng chǎn guān xì relations between levels of production / socio-economic relations 经合 經合 jīng hé Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) / abbr. for 經濟合作與發展組織|经济合作与发展组织 syn 负增长 負增長 fù zēng zhǎng negative growth / economic recession 经济论坛 jīng jì lùn tán Economic Forum 社会经济发展 socio-economic development 经济增长率 經濟增長率 jīng jì zēng zhǎng lǜ economic growth rate 经济犯罪 經濟犯罪 jīng jì fàn zuì economic crime 新疆生产建设兵团 新疆生產建設兵糰 xīn jiāng shēng chǎn jiàn shè bīng tuán Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, also known as XPCC or Bingtuan ("the Corps"), a state-owned economic and paramilitary organization in China's Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region 金砖 金磚 jīn zhuān BRIC / BRICS economic bloc (Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa) 经济委员会 經濟委員會 Economic Committee 经合组织 經合組織 jīng hé zǔ zhī Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, OECD / abbr. for 經濟合作與發展組織|经济合作与发展组织 经济分析 經濟分析 economic analysis 开城 開城 kāi chéng Kaesong or Gaeseong city in southwest North Korea, close to the border with South Korea and a special economic zone for South Korean companies 经济周期 經濟週期 jīng jì zhōu qī economic cycle 国家经济贸易委员会 國家經濟貿易委員會 guó jiā jīng jì mào yì wěi yuán huì State Economic and Trade Commission (SETC) 四小龙 四小龍 sì xiǎo lóng Four Asian Tigers / East Asian Tigers / Four Little Dragons (East Asian economic powers: Taiwan, South Korea, Singapore and Hong Kong) 专属经济区 專屬經濟區 zhuān shǔ jīng jì qū exclusive economic zone 感化院 gǎn huà yuàn reformatory / reform school 更新换代 更新換代 gēng xīn huàn dài reform and renewal / generational change syn 家计 家計 jiā jì family livelihood / a household's economic situation / family property 达沃斯 達沃斯 dá wò sī Davos (Swiss ski resort) / Davos world economic forum (WEF) 经济部 經濟部 jīng jì bù Economic Department 经济地理学 經濟地理學 jīng jì dì lǐ xué economic 戊戌变法 戊戌變法 wù xū biàn fǎ Hundred Days Reform (1898), failed attempt to reform the Qing dynasty 百日维新 百日維新 bǎi rì wéi xīn Hundred Days Reform (1898), failed attempt to reform the Qing dynasty 洗手不干 洗手不幹 xǐ shǒu bù gàn to totally stop doing something / to reform one's ways syn 咸与维新 咸與維新 xián yù wéi xīn everyone participates in reforms (idiom) / to replace the old with new / to reform and start afresh 戊戌维新 戊戌維新 wù xū wéi xīn Hundred Days Reform (1898), failed attempt to reform the Qing dynasty 永贞革新 永貞革新 yǒng zhēn gé xīn Yongzhen Reform, Tang dynasty failed reform movement of 805 led by Wang Shuwen 王叔文[Wang2 Shu1 wen2] 变革和改革派 變革和改革派 Change and Reform bloc / Change and Reform 维新变法 維新變法 wéi xīn biàn fǎ Hundred Days Reform (1898), failed attempt to reform the Qing dynasty 太平洋区域经济财政管理和改革方桉 太平洋區域經濟財政管理和改革方案 Pacific Regional Economic and Financial Management and Reform Programme 中东欧经济改革进展会议 中東歐經濟改革進展會議 Conference on Progress of Economic Reform in Central and Eastern Europe 经济前途 經濟前途 jīng jì qián tú economic future / economic outlook 环渤海湾地区 環渤海灣地區 huán bó hǎi wān dì qū Bohai Economic Rim (economic region including Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Liaoning and Shandong) 经济情况 經濟情況 jīng jì qíng kuàng economic situation / one's socio-economic status 长三角经济区 長三角經濟區 cháng sān jiǎo jīng jì qū Yangtze River Delta Economic Zone (economic region including Shanghai, Zhejiang and Jiangsu) 长江三角洲经济区 長江三角洲經濟區 cháng jiāng sān jiǎo zhōu jīng jì qū Yangtze River Delta Economic Zone (economic region including Shanghai, Zhejiang and Jiangsu) 2003年综合环境和经济核算制度 2003年綜合環境和經濟核算制度 System of Integrated Environmental and Economic Accounting 2003 / Integrated Environmental and Economic Accounting 2003 巴勒斯坦-以色列联合经济委员会 Palestinian-Israeli Joint Economic Committee / Joint Economic Committee 