the not-very-distant past / modern times, excluding recent decades / (in the context of Chinese history) the period from the Opium Wars until the May 4th Movement (mid-19th century to 1919) / capitalist times (pre-1949)
small diamonds / melee (small diamonds used in embellishing mountings for larger gems) / splints (sharp-pointed diamond splinters) / clatersal (small diamond splints from which diamond powder is produced by crushing)
(derog.) the sick man of Asia (term used in the West in the late 19th and early 20th centuries to refer to China in its weakened state after the Opium Wars)
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