雷扎耶湖 léi zhá yē hú Lake Urmia, northwest Iran, a major salt lake / formerly called lake Rezaiyeh 俄罗斯联合国协会 俄羅斯聯合國協會 United Nations Association of Russia / UNA Russia 花脸鸭 花臉鴨 huā liǎn yā (bird species of China) Baikal teal (Sibirionetta formosa) 北短翅莺 北短翅鶯 běi duǎn chì yīng (bird species of China) Baikal bush warbler (Locustella davidi) 天池 tiān chí "heavenly lake", lake situated on a mountain / used as the name of numerous lakes, such as 長白山天池|长白山天池[Chang2 bai2 shan1 Tian1 chi2] 泸沽湖 瀘沽湖 lú gū hú Lugu Lake, alpine lake on the border of Yunnan and Sichuan 纳木错 納木錯 nà mù cuò Namtso or Lake Nam (officially Nam Co), mountain lake at Nakchu in central Tibet 西湖 xī hú Xihu or West lake (place name) / West Lake in Hangzhou 杭州, Zhejiang / Xihu or Hsihu township in Miaoli county 苗栗縣|苗栗县[Miao2 li4 xian4], northwest Taiwan 堰塞湖 yàn sè hú barrier lake / landslide dam / dammed lake 火湖 huǒ hú burning lake / lake of burning sulfur / inferno (in Christian mythology) 富营养湖 富營養湖 fù yíng yǎng hú eutrophic lake / eutrophied lake 沃化湖 wò huà hú eutrophic lake / eutrophied lake 布莱德湖 布萊德湖 bù lái dé hú Lake Bled, glacial lake amid the Julian Alps in Slovenia, adjacent to the town of Bled 邵伯湖 shào bó hú Shaobo Lake, freshwater lake in Jiangsu Province 罗布泊 羅布泊 luó bù pō Lop Nor, former salt lake in Xinjiang, now a salt-encrusted lake bed 俄罗斯 俄羅斯 é luó sī Russia 黑龙江 黑龍江 hēi lóng jiāng see 黑龍江省|黑龙江省[Hei1long2jiang1 Sheng3] / Heilong River or Amur River, forming the border between northeast China and Russia 莫斯科 mò sī kē Moscow, capital of Russia 俄国 俄國 é guó Russia 中俄 zhōng é China-Russia 车臣 車臣 chē chén Chechnya, a republic in southwestern Russia / Chechen 圣彼得堡 聖彼得堡 shèng bǐ dé bǎo Saint Petersburg (city in Russia) 金砖 金磚 jīn zhuān BRIC / BRICS economic bloc (Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa) 苏俄 蘇俄 sū é Soviet Russia 沙俄 shā é Tsarist Russia / abbr. for 沙皇俄國|沙皇俄国[Sha1 huang2 E2 guo2] 叶利钦 葉利欽 yè lì qīn Yeltsin (name) / Boris Yeltsin (1931-2007) first post-communist president of Russia 1991-1999 不平等条约 不平等條約 bù píng děng tiáo yuē (term coined c. 1920s) unequal treaty – a treaty between China and one or more aggressor nations (including Russia, Japan and various Western powers) which imposed humiliating conditions on China (in the 19th and early 20th centuries) 彼得堡 bǐ dé bǎo Petersburg (place name) / Saint Petersburg, Russia 乌拉尔 烏拉爾 wū lā ěr the Ural mountains in Russia, dividing Europe from Asia 图瓦 圖瓦 tú wǎ Tuva, a republic in south-central Siberia, Russia 塔斯社 tǎ sī shè TASS / Information Telegraph Agency of Russia 七国集团 七國集團 qī guó jí tuán G7, the group of 7 industrialized countries: US, Japan, Britain, Germany, France, Italy and Canada (now G8, including Russia) 州 zhōu prefecture / (old) province / (old) administrative division / state (e.g. of US) / oblast (Russia) / canton (Switzerland) 沙 shā granule / hoarse / raspy / sand / powder / CL:粒[li4] / abbr. for Tsar or Tsarist Russia syn 俄罗斯族 俄羅斯族 é luó sī zú Russian ethnic group (of northeast China and Xinjiang etc) / Russian nationality / Russians (of Russia) 俄中 é zhōng Russia-China 访俄 訪俄 fǎng é visit Russia 堪察加半岛 堪察加半島 kān chá jiā bàn dǎo Kamchatka Peninsula, far-eastern Russia 普京 pǔ jīng Vladimir Putin (1952-), president of Russia 千岛群岛 千島群島 qiān dǎo qún dǎo Kuril Islands, archipelago in Sakhalin, far-eastern Russia 印古什 yìn gǔ shí Ingushetia, republic in southwestern Russia 格罗兹尼 格羅茲尼 gé luó zī ní Grozny, capital of Chechen Republic, Russia 卡西莫夫 kǎ xī mò fū Kasimov (town in Russia) 纳霍德卡 納霍德卡 nà huò dé kǎ Nakhodka (city in Russia) 日俄战争 日俄戰爭 rì é zhàn zhēng the war of 1904-1905 between Russia and Japan 索契 suǒ qì Sochi (city on the Black Sea in Russia) 新西伯利亚 新西伯利亞 xīn xī bó lì yà Novosibirsk (city in Russia) 七大工业国集团 七大工業國集團 qī dà gōng yè guó jí tuán G7, the group of 7 industrialized countries: US, Japan, Britain, Germany, France, Italy and Canada (now G8, including Russia) 中俄伊犁条约 中俄伊犁條約 zhōng é yī lí tiáo yuē Treaty of Saint Petersburg of 1881, whereby Russia handed back Yili province to Qing China in exchange for compensation payment and unequal treaty rights 中俄北京条约 中俄北京條約 zhōng é běi jīng tiáo yuē the Treaty of Beijing of 1860 between Qing China and Tsarist Russia 中俄尼布楚条约 中俄尼布楚條約 zhōng é ní bù chǔ tiáo yuē Treaty of Nerchinsk (1698) between Qing China and Russia 中俄改订条约 中俄改訂條約 zhōng é gǎi dìng tiáo yuē Treaty of Saint Petersburg of 1881, whereby Russia handed back Yili province to Qing China in exchange for compensation payment and unequal treaty rights 亚速海 亞速海 yà sù hǎi Sea of Azov in southern Russia 人民公社化 rén mín gōng shè huà collectivization of agriculture (disastrous policy of communist Russia around 1930 and China in the 1950s) 俄中朝 é zhōng cháo Russia, China and North Korea 克拉斯诺达尔 克拉斯諾達爾 kè lā sī nuò dá ěr Krasnodar (city in Russia) 克拉斯金诺 克拉斯金諾 kè lā sī jīn nuò Kraskino town in Primorsky Krai, Russia, close to the North Korean border 勘察加 kān chá jiā Kamchatka (far eastern province of Russia) 勘察加半岛 勘察加半島 kān chá jiā bàn dǎo Kamchatka Peninsula, far-eastern Russia 堪察加 kān chá jiā Kamchatka (peninsula in far eastern Russia) 天津条约 天津條約 tiān jīn tiáo yuē Treaty of Tianjin of 1858, a sequence of unequal treaties 不平等條約|不平等条约 between Russia, USA, England, France and Qing China 宇宙号 宇宙號 yǔ zhòu hào Kosmos, series of earth-orbit satellites operated by the Soviet Union and subsequently Russia 尼布楚条约 尼布楚條約 ní bù chǔ tiáo yuē Treaty of Nerchinsk (1689) between Qing China and Russia 工业七国集团 工業七國集團 gōng yè qī guó jí tuán G7, the group of 7 industrialized countries: US, Japan, Britain, Germany, France, Italy and Canada (now G8, including Russia) 帝俄 dì é Tsarist Russia 改订伊犁条约 改訂伊犁條約 gǎi dìng yī lí tiáo yuē Treaty of Saint Petersburg of 1881 in which Russia agreed to hand back Yili province to Qing China in exchange for compensation payment and unequal treaty rights 新西伯利亚市 新西伯利亞市 xīn xī bó lì yà shì Novosibirsk, city in Russia 普列谢茨克 普列謝茨克 pǔ liè xiè cí kè Plesetsk, settlement in Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia 普列谢茨克卫星发射场 普列謝茨克衛星發射場 pǔ liè xiè cí kè wèi xīng fā shè chǎng Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia 曾纪泽 曾紀澤 zēng jì zé Cang Jize or Tseng Chi-tse (1839-1890), pioneer diplomat of late Qing, serve as imperial commissioner (ambassador) to UK, France and Russia 沙皇俄国 沙皇俄國 shā huáng é guó Tsarist Russia 乌拉尔山 烏拉爾山 wū lā ěr shān the Ural mountains in Russia, dividing Europe from Asia 瑷珲条约 璦琿條約 ài hún tiáo yuē Treaty of Aigun, 1858 unequal treaty forced on Qing China by Tsarist Russia 老爷岭 老爺嶺 lǎo ye lǐng Chinese name for Sichote-Alin mountain range in Russia's Primorsky Krai around Vladivostok 联俄 聯俄 lián é alliance with Russia (e.g. of early Chinese communists) 叶卡捷琳娜 葉卡捷琳娜 yè kǎ jié lín nà Yekaterina or Ekaterina (name) / Catherine the Great or Catherine the Second (1684-1727), Empress of Russia 苏维埃俄国 蘇維埃俄國 sū wéi āi é guó Soviet Russia (1917-1991) 诺夫哥罗德 諾夫哥羅德 nuò fū gē luó dé Novgorod, city in Russia 里瓦几亚条约 里瓦幾亞條約 lǐ wǎ jī yà tiáo yuē Treaty of Livadia (1879) between Russia and China, relating to territory in Chinese Turkistan, renegotiated in 1881 (Treaty of St. Petersburg) 金砖四国 金磚四國 jīn zhuān sì guó Brazil, Russia, India and China (BRIC) 阿尔泰山脉 阿爾泰山脈 ā ěr tài shān mài Altai mountain chain on the border of Russia and Mongolia 阿尔汉格尔斯克州 阿爾漢格爾斯克州 ā ěr hàn gé ěr sī kè zhōu Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia 阿穆尔河 阿穆爾河 ā mù ěr hé Amur River (the border between northeast China and Russia) / same as 黑龍江|黑龙江[Hei1 long2 jiang1] 黑龙江河 黑龍江河 hēi lóng jiāng hé Heilongjiang River / Amur River (the border between northeast China and Russia) 萨彦岭 薩彥嶺 sà yàn lǐng Sayan Mountains, on the border of Russia and Mongolia 阿穆尔州 阿穆爾州 ā mù ěr zhōu Amur Oblast, in far eastern Russia 国情咨文 國情咨文 guó qíng zī wén speech delivered by a head of state to the legislature (e.g. (USA) State of the Union Address, (Russia) Address to the Federal Assembly etc) 沃罗涅日 沃羅湼日 wò luó niè rì Voronezh, city in the southwest of European Russia 萨兰斯克 薩蘭斯克 sà lán sī kè Saransk, capital of the Republic of Mordovia, Russia 俄罗斯妇女联盟 俄羅斯婦女聯盟 Women's Union of Russia 巴西、俄罗斯、印度、中国 巴西、俄羅斯、印度、中國 Brazil, Russia, India and China 全俄世界海洋地质和矿产资源研究所 全俄世界海洋地質和礦產資源研究所 All-Russia Research Institute for Geology and Mineral Resources of the World Ocean 俄罗斯金融和工业集团协会 俄羅斯金融和工業集團協會 Association of Financial and Industrial Groups of Russia 俄罗斯会计和审计发展国际咨询委员会 俄羅斯會計和審計發展國際咨詢委員會 International Advisory Board on Accounting and Auditing Developments in Russia 北约-俄罗斯常设联合理事会 北約-俄羅斯常設聯合理事會 NATO-Russia Permanent Joint Council 俄塔社 é tǎ shè Information Telegraph Agency of Russia (ITAR-TASS), Russian news agency 旅大租地条约 旅大租地條約 lǚ dà zū dì tiáo yuē unequal treaty of 1898 whereby the Qing dynasty ceded the lease of Lüshun (Port Arthur) to Russia 阿伊努 ā yī nǔ Ainu (ethnic group of Japan's north and Russia's east) 马尔卡河 馬爾卡河 mǎ ěr kǎ hé Malka River, Russia, a.k.a. Balyksu River 