痛苦 tòng kǔ pain / suffering / painful / CL:個|个[ge4] syn 不得不 bù dé bù have no choice or option but to / cannot but / have to / can't help it / can't avoid syn 避免 bì miǎn to avert / to prevent / to avoid / to refrain from syn 逃避 táo bì to escape / to evade / to avoid / to shirk syn 躲避 duǒ bì to hide / to evade / to dodge / to take shelter / to avoid (difficulties) syn 避开 避開 bì kāi to avoid / to evade / to keep away from syn 回避 迴避 huí bì to shun / to avoid (sb) / to skirt / to evade (an issue) / to step back / to withdraw / to recuse (a judge etc) syn 躲开 躲開 duǒ kāi to stay out of (hot water, trouble, awkward situation etc) / to avoid (sb) syn 免得 miǎn de so as not to / so as to avoid syn 以免 yǐ miǎn in order to avoid / so as not to syn 煎熬 jiān áo to suffer / to torture / to torment / ordeal / suffering / torture / torment syn 苦难 苦難 kǔ nàn suffering syn 难免 難免 nán miǎn hard to avoid / difficult to escape from / will inevitably syn 幸免 xìng miǎn to avoid (an unpleasant fate) syn 痛楚 tòng chǔ pain / anguish / suffering syn 害人 hài rén to harm sb / to inflict suffering / to victimize / pernicious syn 以防 yǐ fáng (so as) to avoid / to prevent / (just) in case syn 免除 miǎn chú to prevent / to avoid / to excuse / to exempt / to relieve / (of a debt) to remit syn 绕过 繞過 rào guò to detour / to bypass / to circumvent / to avoid / to wind around (of a road etc) 皮肉 pí ròu skin and flesh / superficial / physical (suffering) / bodily 自食其果 zì shí qí guǒ to eat one's own fruit (idiom) / fig. suffering the consequences of one's own action / to reap what one has sown syn 苦痛 kǔ tòng pain / suffering syn 埋头 埋頭 mái tóu to immerse oneself in / engrossed in sth / to lower the head (e.g. to avoid rain) / countersunk (of screws, rivets etc) 推卸 tuī xiè to avoid (esp. responsibility) / to shift (the blame) / to pass the buck syn 忌讳 忌諱 jì huì taboo / to avoid as taboo / to abstain from syn 苦海 kǔ hǎi lit. sea of bitterness / abyss of worldly suffering (Buddhist term) / depths of misery syn 痛感 tòng gǎn to feel deeply / acute suffering syn 省得 shěng de to avoid / so as to save (money or time) syn 苦楚 kǔ chǔ suffering / misery / pain (esp. psychological) syn 生怕 shēng pà to fear / afraid / extremely nervous / for fear that / to avoid / so as not to syn 苦水 kǔ shuǐ bitter water (e.g. mineral water containing sulfates) / suffering / digestive fluids rising from stomach to the mouth / fig. bitter complaint syn 避讳 避諱 bì hui to avoid a taboo word or topic / to refrain from / to avoid syn 疾苦 jí kǔ pain and difficulties / suffering (of the people) syn 打抱不平 dǎ bào bù píng (idiom) to aid sb suffering an injustice / to fight for justice syn 血泪 血淚 xuè lèi tears of blood (symbol of extreme suffering) / blood and tears 避邪 bì xié to avoid evil spirits 洁身自好 潔身自好 jié shēn zì hào clean-living and honest (idiom) / to avoid immorality / to shun evil influence / to mind one's own business and keep out of trouble / to keep one's hands clean syn 带病 帶病 dài bìng to be suffering from an illness (often implying "in spite of being sick") / to carry the causative agent of an infectious disease syn 荼毒 tú dú (literary) to cause great suffering syn 避险 避險 bì xiǎn to flee from danger / to avoid danger / to minimize risk / (finance) hedge syn 知难而退 知難而退 zhī nán ér tuì lit. to sound out the difficulties and retreat to avoid defeat (idiom) / fig. to back out of an awkward situation / to get out on finding out what it's really like syn 卧薪尝胆 臥薪嚐膽 wò xīn cháng dǎn lit. to lie on firewood and taste gall (idiom) / fig. suffering patiently, but firmly resolved on revenge syn 切忌 qiè jì to avoid as taboo / to avoid by all means syn 避重就轻 避重就輕 bì zhòng jiù qīng to avoid the important and dwell on the trivial / to keep silent about major charges while admitting minor ones syn 扬长避短 揚長避短 yáng cháng bì duǎn to foster strengths and avoid weaknesses (idiom) / to play to one's strengths syn 避让 避讓 bì ràng to avoid / to yield (in traffic) / to get out of the way syn 避嫌 bì xián to avoid arousing suspicion 忌口 jì kǒu abstain from certain food (as when ill) / avoid certain foods / be on a diet syn 因噎废食 因噎廢食 yīn yē fèi shí lit. not eating for fear of choking (idiom) / fig. to cut off one's nose to spite one's face / to avoid sth essential because of a slight risk syn 忧患 憂患 yōu huàn suffering / misery / hardship syn 避税 避稅 bì shuì to avoid taxation / tax avoidance syn 避讳 避諱 bì huì to avoid a taboo (usu. on the given names of emperors or one's elders) syn 消灾 消災 xiāo zāi to avoid calamities 脱产 脫產 tuō chǎn to transfer (from production to other duties) / to take leave (for study or other job) / to dispose of property / to transfer assets (to avoid liability) syn 隐痛 隱痛 yǐn tòng hidden anguish / secret suffering / (medicine) dull pain syn 逃婚 táo hūn to flee to avoid an arranged marriage 祸国殃民 禍國殃民 huò guó yāng mín to damage the country and cause suffering to the people (idiom) syn 苦处 苦處 kǔ chu suffering / distress syn 走避 zǒu bì to run away / to escape / to avoid 避忌 bì jì to avoid as taboo 力戒 lì jiè to try everything to avoid / to guard against syn 苦熬 kǔ áo to endure (years of suffering) syn 哑巴亏 啞巴虧 yǎ ba kuī pent-up unspoken grievances / suffering not willingly or possibly spoken of syn 躲 duǒ to hide / to dodge / to avoid syn 苦 kǔ bitter / hardship / pain / to suffer / to bring suffering to / painstakingly syn 免 miǎn to excuse sb / to exempt / to remove or dismiss from office / to avoid / to avert / to escape / to be prohibited syn 避 bì to avoid / to shun / to flee / to escape / to keep away from / to leave / to hide from syn 辛 xīn (of taste) hot or pungent / hard / laborious / suffering / eighth in order / eighth of the ten Heavenly Stems 十天干[shi2 tian1 gan1] / letter "H" or Roman "VIII" in list "A, B, C", or "I, II, III" etc / ancient Chinese compass point: 285° / octa syn 楚 chǔ distinct / clear / orderly / pain / suffering / deciduous bush used in Chinese medicine (genus Vitex) / punishment cane (old) 水深火热 水深火熱 shuǐ shēn huǒ rè deep water and scorching fire / abyss of suffering (idiom) syn 忌 jì to be jealous of / fear / dread / scruple / to avoid or abstain from / to quit / to give up sth syn 辟 bì (literary) king / monarch / (literary) (of a sovereign) to summon to official service / (literary) to avoid (variant of 避[bi4]) / (literary) to repel (variant of 避[bi4]) syn 人间地狱 人間地獄 rén jiān dì yù hell on earth (idiom) / suffering the torments of Buddhist hell while still alive / fig. having an uncomfortable time syn 想开 想開 xiǎng kāi to get over (a shock, bereavement etc) / to avoid dwelling on unpleasant things / to accept the situation and move on syn 讳 諱 huì to avoid mentioning / taboo word / name of deceased emperor or superior syn 石女 shí nǚ female suffering absence or atresia of vagina (as birth defect) syn 吃哑巴亏 吃啞巴虧 chī yǎ ba kuī to be forced to suffer in silence / unable to speak of one's bitter suffering syn 讳疾忌医 諱疾忌醫 huì jí jì yī hiding a sickness for fear of treatment (idiom) / fig. concealing a fault to avoid criticism / to keep one's shortcomings secret / to refuse to listen to advice syn 熬煎 áo jiān suffering / torture syn 害人不浅 害人不淺 hài rén bù qiǎn to cause a lot of trouble / to inflict much suffering 戴表 dài biǎo to wear a watch / homophone for 代表[dai4 biao3] used to avoid Internet censorship in the PRC 刻苦耐劳 刻苦耐勞 kè kǔ nài láo to bear hardships and work hard (idiom) / assiduous and long-suffering / hard-working and capable of overcoming adversity syn 吊死问疾 弔死問疾 diào sǐ wèn jí to grieve for the sick and the dying / to show great concern for people's suffering 悲声载道 悲聲載道 bēi shēng zài dào lamentations fill the roads (idiom) / severe suffering all around 普度众生 普度眾生 pǔ dù zhòng shēng (Buddhism) to deliver all living creatures from suffering (idiom) 积恶余殃 積惡餘殃 jī è yú yāng Accumulated evil will be repaid in suffering (idiom). 良工心苦 liáng gōng xīn kǔ expert craft from hard practice (idiom) / hard-won skill / A masterpiece demands suffering. 苦中作乐 苦中作樂 kǔ zhōng zuò lè to find joy in sorrows (idiom) / to enjoy sth in spite of one's suffering 茶饭无心 茶飯無心 chá fàn wú xīn no heart for tea or rice (idiom) / melancholic and suffering / to have no appetite 西子捧心 xī zǐ pěng xīn lit. Xishi clasps at her heart (idiom) / fig. a woman who is beautiful even when suffering the pangs of illness 长夜漫漫 長夜漫漫 cháng yè màn màn endless night (idiom) / fig. long suffering 病国殃民 病國殃民 bìng guó yāng mín to damage the country and cause suffering to the people (idiom) 避其锐气击其惰归 避其銳氣擊其惰歸 bì qí ruì qì jī qí duò guī to avoid the enemy when he is fresh and strike him when he is tired and withdraws 一走了之 yī zǒu liǎo zhī to avoid a problem by walking away from it / to quit 不避斧钺 不避斧鉞 bù bì fǔ yuè not trying to avoid the battle-ax (idiom) / not afraid of dying in combat / not afraid of being executed 违强陵弱 違強陵弱 wéi qiáng líng ruò to avoid the strong and attack the weak (idiom) / to bully 多一事不如少一事 duō yī shì bù rú shǎo yī shì it is better to avoid unnecessary trouble (idiom) / the less complications the better 四谛 四諦 sì dì the Four Noble Truths (Budd.), covered by the acronym 苦集滅道|苦集灭道[ku3 ji2 mie4 dao4]: all life is suffering 苦[ku3], the cause of suffering is desire 集[ji2], emancipation comes only by eliminating passions 滅|灭[mie4], the way 道[dao4] to emancipation is the Eight-fold Noble Way 八正道[ba1 zheng4 dao4] 