to make use of / to use sth as pretext / under false pretenses / under the guise of / masquerading as / lenient / tolerant / loan character (one of the Six Methods 六書|六书 of forming Chinese characters) / character acquiring meanings by phonetic association / also called phonetic loan
loan character (one of the Six Methods 六書|六书 of forming Chinese characters) / character acquiring meanings by phonetic association / also called phonetic loan
ideogram plus phonetic (one of the Six Methods 六書|六书 of forming Chinese characters) / also known as phonogram, phonetic compound or picto-phonetic character
transliteration (rendering phonetic value, e.g. of English words in Chinese characters) / characters giving phonetic value of Chinese word or name (when the correct characters may be unknown) / transcription (linguistics) / to transcribe phonetic symbols
the meaning of a phonetic loan character 假借字[jia3 jie4 zi4] acquired from a similar-sounding word (e.g. 而[er2] originally meant "beard" but acquired the meaning "and")
combination of a signific component and a phonetic element to form a phono-semantic character, as in 功[gong1], which has signific 力[li4] and phonetic 工[gong1] (also referred to as 形聲|形声[xing2 sheng1]) / (of words or characters) homophonous
reading or phonetic value of a character / (Japanese linguistics) on-reading, a pronunciation of a kanji derived from its pronunciation in a Sinitic language at the time it was imported from China (Note: An on-reading of a character is distinguished from its kun-reading(s) 訓讀|训读[xun4 du2]. For example, 山 has an on-reading "san" and a kun-reading "yama".)
single-character headword (in a dictionary) / first character of a Chinese word / the top part (esp. a radical) of a Chinese character / the initial of a Chinese syllable
transfer character (one of the Six Methods 六書|六书 of forming Chinese characters) / character with meanings influenced by other words / sometimes called mutually explanatory character
transfer character (one of the Six Methods 六書|六书 of forming Chinese characters) / character with meanings influenced by other words / sometimes called mutually explanatory character
Six Methods of forming Chinese characters, according to Han dictionary Shuowen 說文|说文 - namely, two primary methods: 象形 (pictogram), 指事 (ideogram), two compound methods: 會意|会意 (combined ideogram), 形聲|形声 (ideogram plus phonetic), and two transfer methods: 假借 (loan), 轉注|转注 (transfer)
Mandarin phonetic symbols (MPS), phonetic alphabet for Chinese used esp. in Taiwan, also known colloquially as Bopomofo (after the first four letters of the alphabet:ㄅㄆㄇㄈ)
traditional system expressing the phonetic value of a Chinese character using two other characters, the first for the initial consonant, the second for the rhyme and tone
(orthography) consistent words (e.g. "dean", "bean", and "lean", where "-ean" is pronounced the same in each case) / consistent characters (e.g. 搖|摇[yao2], 遙|遥[yao2] and 謠|谣[yao2], which share a phonetic component that reliably indicates that the pronunciation of the character is yáo)
ideogram (one of the Six Methods 六書|六书 of forming Chinese characters) / Chinese character indicating an idea, such as up and down / also known as self-explanatory character
Sun Wukong, the Monkey King, character with supernatural powers in the novel Journey to the West 西遊記|西游记[Xi1 you2 Ji4] / Son Goku, the main character in Dragon Ball 七龍珠|七龙珠[Qi1 long2 zhu1]
a policy expressed as an eight-character slogan / (esp.) the eight-character slogan for the economic policy proposed by Li Fuchun 李富春[Li3 Fu4chun1] in 1961: 調整、鞏固、充實、提高|调整、巩固、充实、提高 "adjust, consolidate, enrich and improve"
ideogram (one of the Six Methods 六書|六书 of forming Chinese characters) / Chinese character indicating an idea, such as up and down / also known as self-explanatory character
a reading of a written Chinese word derived from a synonym (typically, a vernacular synonym) (e.g. in Mandarin, 投子[tou2 zi5] may be pronounced as its synonym 色子[shai3 zi5], and in Wu dialects, 二 is pronounced as its synonym 兩|两 "liahn") / to pronounce a word using such a reading / (Japanese linguistics) kun-reading, a pronunciation of a kanji derived from a native Japanese word that matches its meaning rather than from the pronunciation of the character in a Sinitic language at the time it was imported from China (Note: A kun-reading of a character is distinguished from its on-reading(s) 音讀|音读[yin1 du2]. For example, 山 has a kun-reading "yama" and an on-reading "san".)
character used in Taiwan as a substitute for a real name (like "X" in English) / variant of 〇[ling2] / character used in Taiwan as a substitute for a real name (like "X" in English) / variant of 〇[ling2]
to plunder the homes of the wealthy for food (in times of famine) / (of sb who has no income) to rely on others / to demand a "contribution" or "loan" from a business or wealthy individual
pattra palm tree (loan from Sanskrit, Corypha umbraculifera), whose leaves were used as paper substitute for Buddhist sutras
The four tones
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