transliteration (rendering phonetic value, e.g. of English words in Chinese characters) / characters giving phonetic value of Chinese word or name (when the correct characters may be unknown) / transcription (linguistics) / to transcribe phonetic symbols
to make use of / to use sth as pretext / under false pretenses / under the guise of / masquerading as / lenient / tolerant / loan character (one of the Six Methods 六書|六书 of forming Chinese characters) / character acquiring meanings by phonetic association / also called phonetic loan
to indicate the pronunciation of Chinese characters using Pinyin or Bopomofo etc / phonetic notation / (specifically) Bopomofo (abbr. for 注音符號|注音符号[zhu4 yin1 fu2 hao4])
used in expressions that convey frustration and futility, such as 無奈|无奈[wu2 nai4] and 莫可奈何|莫可奈何[mo4 ke3 nai4 he2] (literary) / used for its phonetic value in writing foreign words
ideogram plus phonetic (one of the Six Methods 六書|六书 of forming Chinese characters) / also known as phonogram, phonetic compound or picto-phonetic character
Six Methods of forming Chinese characters, according to Han dictionary Shuowen 說文|说文 - namely, two primary methods: 象形 (pictogram), 指事 (ideogram), two compound methods: 會意|会意 (combined ideogram), 形聲|形声 (ideogram plus phonetic), and two transfer methods: 假借 (loan), 轉注|转注 (transfer)
traditional system expressing the phonetic value of a Chinese character using two other characters, the first for the initial consonant, the second for the rhyme and tone
phonetic ga (used in rendering Tibetan and Mongolian sounds) / Tibetan Ge: language of Buddha / (dialect) final particle similar to 了[le5] (esp. in Yunnan)
loan character (one of the Six Methods 六書|六书 of forming Chinese characters) / character acquiring meanings by phonetic association / also called phonetic loan
Mandarin phonetic symbols (MPS), phonetic alphabet for Chinese used esp. in Taiwan, also known colloquially as Bopomofo (after the first four letters of the alphabet:ㄅㄆㄇㄈ)
combination of a signific component and a phonetic element to form a phono-semantic character, as in 功[gong1], which has signific 力[li4] and phonetic 工[gong1] (also referred to as 形聲|形声[xing2 sheng1]) / (of words or characters) homophonous
(orthography) inconsistent words (e.g. "through", "bough" and "rough", where "-ough" is not pronounced the same in each case) / inconsistent characters (e.g. 流[liu2], 梳[shu1] and 毓[yu4], which are pronounced differently from each other even though they all have the same notional phonetic component)
(orthography) consistent words (e.g. "dean", "bean", and "lean", where "-ean" is pronounced the same in each case) / consistent characters (e.g. 搖|摇[yao2], 遙|遥[yao2] and 謠|谣[yao2], which share a phonetic component that reliably indicates that the pronunciation of the character is yáo)
the meaning of a phonetic loan character 假借字[jia3 jie4 zi4] acquired from a similar-sounding word (e.g. 而[er2] originally meant "beard" but acquired the meaning "and")
nüshu writing, a phonetic syllabary for Yao ethnic group 瑤族|瑶族[Yao2 zu2] dialect designed and used by women in Jiangyong county 江永縣|江永县[Jiang1 yong3 xian4] in southern Hunan
used in Japanese names with phonetic value hatake, bata etc / dry field (i.e. not paddy field)
The four tones
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