和 huó to combine a powdery substance (flour, plaster etc) with water / Taiwan pr. [huo4] syn 水 shuǐ water / (after a name) ... River / to swim (used mostly in 會水|会水[hui4shui3] and 水性[shui3xing4]) / (coll.) lacking in substance / shoddy / (bound form) additional cost / extra income / classifier for washings of a garment syn 内容 內容 nèi róng content / substance / details / CL:個|个[ge4],項|项[xiang4] syn 体 體 tǐ body / form / style / system / substance / to experience / aspect (linguistics) syn 物质 物質 wù zhì matter / substance / material / materialistic / CL:個|个[ge4] syn 气体 氣體 qì tǐ gas (i.e. gaseous substance) syn 物体 物體 wù tǐ object / body / substance syn 毒物 dú wù poisonous substance / poison syn 实体 實體 shí tǐ entity / substance / thing that has a material existence (as opposed to a conceptual, virtual or online existence) / the real thing (as opposed to an image or model of it) syn 实质 實質 shí zhì substance / essence syn 精炼 精煉 jīng liàn to refine (a substance) / to purify / to refine (one's skills, writing etc) / refined / polished / succinct / skilled / capable syn 定性 dìng xìng to determine the nature (of sth) / to determine the chemical composition (of a substance) / qualitative syn 有机物 有機物 yǒu jī wù organic substance / organic matter 里子 裡子 lǐ zi lining / (fig.) substance (as opposed to outward appearance) 油膏 yóu gāo semi-solid fat-based substance / (medicine) ointment 行云流水 行雲流水 xíng yún liú shuǐ lit. moving clouds and flowing water (idiom) / fig. very natural and flowing style of calligraphy, writing, etc / natural and unforced syn 花里胡哨 花裡胡哨 huā li hú shào gaudy / flashy (but without substance) syn 不痛不痒 不痛不癢 bù tòng bù yǎng lit. doesn't hurt, doesn't tickle (idiom) / sth is wrong, but not quite sure what / fig. not getting to any matter of substance / scratching the surface / superficial / perfunctory syn 阶段性 階段性 jiē duàn xìng specific to a particular stage (of a project etc) / interim (policy etc) / occurring in stages / phased 此起彼伏 cǐ qǐ bǐ fú up here, down there (idiom) / to rise and fall in succession / no sooner one subsides, the next arises / repeating continuously / occurring again and again (of applause, fires, waves, protests, conflicts, uprisings etc) syn 换汤不换药 換湯不換藥 huàn tāng bù huàn yào different broth but the same old medicine (idiom) / a change in name only / a change in form but not in substance syn 责任事故 責任事故 zé rèn shì gù accident occurring due to negligence 点题 點題 diǎn tí to bring out the main theme / to make the point / to bring out the substance concisely 花架子 huā jià zi attractive appearance, but without substance 未有 wèi yǒu is not / has never been / never occurring / unprecedented 有害物质 有害物質 yǒu hài wù zhì hazardous substance 单质 單質 dān zhì simple substance (consisting purely of one element, such as diamond) 儿 rén variant of 人[ren2] / "person" radical in Chinese characters (Kangxi radical 10), occurring in 兒, 兀, 兄 etc syn 油子 yóu zi dense and sticky substance / (dialect) wily old fox syn 虚有其表 虛有其表 xū yǒu qí biǎo looks impressive but is worthless (idiom) / not as good as it looks / a reputation with no substance syn 药 藥 yào medicine / drug / substance used for a specific purpose (e.g. poisoning, explosion, fermenting) / CL:種|种[zhong3],服[fu4],味[wei4] / to poison syn 厂 hǎn "cliff" radical in Chinese characters (Kangxi radical 27), occurring in 原, 历, 压 etc syn 易燃物 yì rán wù flammable substance syn 馏 餾 liú to distill / to break a liquid substance up into components by boiling syn 广 yǎn "house on a cliff" radical in Chinese characters (Kangxi radical 53), occurring in 店, 序, 底 etc syn 二元论 二元論 èr yuán lùn dualism, belief that the universe is made of two different substance (e.g. mind and matter or good and evil) 一元论 一元論 yī yuán lùn monism, belief that the universe is made of a single substance 言之无物 言之無物 yán zhī wú wù (of a writing etc) to have no substance (idiom) / to carry no weight syn 匚 fāng "right open box" radical (Kangxi radical 22), occurring in 区, 医, 匹 etc 殳 shū bamboo or wooden spear / Kangxi radical 79, occurring in 段[duan4], 毅[yi4], 殺|杀[sha1] etc 当然 當然 dāng rán only natural / as it should be / certainly / of course / without doubt syn 自然 zì rán nature / natural / naturally syn 理 lǐ texture / grain (of wood) / inner essence / intrinsic order / reason / logic / truth / science / natural science (esp. physics) / to manage / to pay attention to / to run (affairs) / to handle / to put in order / to tidy up syn 天生 tiān shēng nature / disposition / innate / natural syn 资源 資源 zī yuán natural resource (such as water or minerals) / resource (such as manpower or tourism) syn 本性 běn xìng natural instincts / nature / inherent quality syn 天分 tiān fèn natural gift / talent syn 大自然 dà zì rán nature (the natural world) syn 天然 tiān rán natural syn 大方 dà fang generous / magnanimous / stylish / in good taste / easy-mannered / natural and relaxed syn 本色 běn shǎi natural color syn 生母 shēng mǔ natural mother / birth mother syn 天然气 天然氣 tiān rán qì natural gas 自然界 zì rán jiè nature / the natural world syn 透支 tòu zhī (banking) to overdraw / to take out an overdraft / an overdraft / to overspend (i.e. expenditure in excess of revenue) / (old) to draw one's wage in advance / (fig.) to exhaust (one's enthusiasm, energy etc) / to damage a natural resource through overuse syn 无法无天 無法無天 wú fǎ wú tiān regardless of the law and of natural morality (idiom) / maverick / undisciplined and out of control syn 出产 出產 chū chǎn to produce (by natural growth, or by manufacture, mining etc) / to yield / to turn out / produce / products syn 自然灾害 自然災害 zì rán zāi hài natural disaster syn 资质 資質 zī zhì aptitude / natural endowments syn 先天 xiān tiān embryonic period (contrasted with 後天|后天[hou4tian1]) / inborn / innate / natural syn 自然科学 自然科學 zì rán kē xué natural sciences 生性 shēng xìng natural disposition syn 天敌 天敵 tiān dí predator / natural enemy 燃气 燃氣 rán qì fuel gas (coal gas, natural gas, methane etc) 自然资源 自然資源 zì rán zī yuán natural resource 受灾 受災 shòu zāi disaster-stricken / to be hit by a natural calamity syn 天灾 天災 tiān zāi natural disaster syn 雍容 yōng róng natural / graceful / and poised syn 储量 儲量 chǔ liàng remaining quantity / reserves (of natural resources, oil etc) 采光 採光 cǎi guāng to get natural light (e.g. through a window) 秉性 bǐng xìng innate character / natural disposition / attitude syn 天时 天時 tiān shí the time / the right time / weather conditions / destiny / course of time / heaven's natural order syn 防灾 防災 fáng zāi disaster prevention / to protect against natural disasters 生物界 shēng wù jiè biosphere / natural world 物产 物產 wù chǎn products / produce / natural resources syn 水土 shuǐ tǔ water and soil / surface water / natural environment (extended meaning) / climate 博物 bó wù natural science 天年 tiān nián natural life span syn 天道 tiān dào natural law / heavenly law / weather (dialect) syn 洒脱 灑脫 sǎ tuō free and at ease / natural / unconstrained syn 涵养 涵養 hán yǎng to cultivate (personal qualities) / (of forests etc) to support / to provide a suitable environment for the replenishment of (natural resources: groundwater, animals, plants etc) syn 暴殄天物 bào tiǎn tiān wù to waste natural resources recklessly / not to know how to use things sparingly syn 蚕丝 蠶絲 cán sī natural silk (secreted by silkworm) syn 天灾人祸 天災人禍 tiān zāi rén huò natural calamities and man-made disasters (idiom) syn 落落大方 luò luò dà fāng (of one's conduct, speech etc) natural and unrestrained syn 禀赋 稟賦 bǐng fù natural endowment / gift / talent syn 返璞归真 返璞歸真 fǎn pú guī zhēn to return to one's true self / to regain the natural state 自然数 自然數 zì rán shù natural number 顺产 順產 shùn chǎn to give birth without complications / easy childbirth / safe delivery / natural birth (without surgical operation) 禀性 稟性 bǐng xìng natural disposition syn 抗灾 抗災 kàng zāi defense against natural disasters 闭月羞花 閉月羞花 bì yuè xiū huā lit. hiding the moon, shaming the flowers (idiom) / fig. female beauty exceeding even that of the natural world syn 天堑 天塹 tiān qiàn natural moat syn 自然选择 自然選擇 zì rán xuǎn zé natural selection 灾荒 災荒 zāi huāng natural disaster / famine syn 本色 běn sè inherent qualities / natural qualities / distinctive character / true qualities syn 生态环境 生態環境 shēng tài huán jìng ecosystem / natural environment 原味 yuán wèi authentic taste / plain cooked / natural flavor (without spices and seasonings) 自然人 zì rán rén natural person (law) / see also 法人[fa3 ren2] 