背景 bèi jǐng background / backdrop / context / (fig.) powerful backer / CL:種|种[zhong3] syn 身后 身後 shēn hòu the time after one's death / a place behind sb / (fig.) one's social background syn 后台 後臺 hòu tái backstage area / behind-the-scenes supporter / (computing) back-end / background syn 出身 chū shēn to be born of / to come from / family background / class origin syn 学历 學歷 xué lì educational background / academic qualifications 履历 履歷 lǚ lì background (academic and work) / curriculum vitae / résumé 桌布 zhuō bù tablecloth / (computing) desktop background / wallpaper / CL:條|条[tiao2],塊|块[kuai4],張|张[zhang1] 旁白 páng bái aside (theater) / voice-over / background narration 质地 質地 zhì dì texture / background (texture) / grain / quality / character / disposition syn 行云流水 行雲流水 xíng yún liú shuǐ lit. moving clouds and flowing water (idiom) / fig. very natural and flowing style of calligraphy, writing, etc / natural and unforced syn 家世 jiā shì family background syn 烘托 hōng tuō background (of a painting) / backdrop / a foil (to set off something to advantage) / to offset (something to advantage) syn 根底 gēn dǐ foundation / grounding / background / what lies at the bottom of sth / root / cause syn 路数 路數 lù shù stratagem / method / approach / (martial arts) movement / social connections / (sb's) background story syn 背景音乐 背景音樂 bèi jǐng yīn yuè background music (BGM) / soundtrack / musical setting 历史背景 歷史背景 lì shǐ bèi jǐng historical background 回良玉 huí liáng yù Hui Liangyu (1944-) PRC Hui national career politician from Guilin, background in economics, politburo member 2002-2012, deputy chair of State Council 2003-2013 画外音 畫外音 huà wài yīn voice-over / background narration 刘云山 劉雲山 liú yún shān Liu Yunshan (1947-), PRC politician, background in journalism in Inner Mongolia, head of the Central Propaganda Department 2002-2012 柴门 柴門 chái mén lit. woodcutter's family / humble background / poor family background syn 底 dǐ bottom / base / background / foundation / copy (of a manuscript or receipt etc) kept as a record / (suffix) end of a year or month / (math.) radix / base (abbr. for 底數|底数[di3shu4]) syn 来历不明 來歷不明 lái lì bù míng (idiom) of unknown origin / of dubious background 当然 當然 dāng rán only natural / as it should be / certainly / of course / without doubt syn 自然 zì rán nature / natural / naturally syn 理 lǐ texture / grain (of wood) / inner essence / intrinsic order / reason / logic / truth / science / natural science (esp. physics) / to manage / to pay attention to / to run (affairs) / to handle / to put in order / to tidy up syn 天生 tiān shēng nature / disposition / innate / natural syn 资源 資源 zī yuán natural resource (such as water or minerals) / resource (such as manpower or tourism) syn 本性 běn xìng natural instincts / nature / inherent quality syn 天分 tiān fèn natural gift / talent syn 大自然 dà zì rán nature (the natural world) syn 天然 tiān rán natural syn 大方 dà fang generous / magnanimous / stylish / in good taste / easy-mannered / natural and relaxed syn 本色 běn shǎi natural color syn 生母 shēng mǔ natural mother / birth mother syn 天然气 天然氣 tiān rán qì natural gas 自然界 zì rán jiè nature / the natural world syn 透支 tòu zhī (banking) to overdraw / to take out an overdraft / an overdraft / to overspend (i.e. expenditure in excess of revenue) / (old) to draw one's wage in advance / (fig.) to exhaust (one's enthusiasm, energy etc) / to damage a natural resource through overuse syn 无法无天 無法無天 wú fǎ wú tiān regardless of the law and of natural morality (idiom) / maverick / undisciplined and out of control syn 出产 出產 chū chǎn to produce (by natural growth, or by manufacture, mining etc) / to yield / to turn out / produce / products syn 自然灾害 自然災害 zì rán zāi hài natural disaster syn 资质 資質 zī zhì aptitude / natural endowments syn 先天 xiān tiān embryonic period (contrasted with 後天|后天[hou4tian1]) / inborn / innate / natural syn 自然科学 自然科學 zì rán kē xué natural sciences 生性 shēng xìng natural disposition syn 天敌 天敵 tiān dí predator / natural enemy 燃气 燃氣 rán qì fuel gas (coal gas, natural gas, methane etc) 自然资源 自然資源 zì rán zī yuán natural resource 受灾 受災 shòu zāi disaster-stricken / to be hit by a natural calamity syn 天灾 天災 tiān zāi natural disaster syn 雍容 yōng róng natural / graceful / and poised syn 储量 儲量 chǔ liàng remaining quantity / reserves (of natural resources, oil etc) 采光 採光 cǎi guāng to get natural light (e.g. through a window) 秉性 bǐng xìng innate character / natural disposition / attitude syn 天时 天時 tiān shí the time / the right time / weather conditions / destiny / course of time / heaven's natural order syn 防灾 防災 fáng zāi disaster prevention / to protect against natural disasters 生物界 shēng wù jiè biosphere / natural world 物产 物產 wù chǎn products / produce / natural resources syn 水土 shuǐ tǔ water and soil / surface water / natural environment (extended meaning) / climate 博物 bó wù natural science 天年 tiān nián natural life span syn 天道 tiān dào natural law / heavenly law / weather (dialect) syn 洒脱 灑脫 sǎ tuō free and at ease / natural / unconstrained syn 涵养 涵養 hán yǎng to cultivate (personal qualities) / (of forests etc) to support / to provide a suitable environment for the replenishment of (natural resources: groundwater, animals, plants etc) syn 暴殄天物 bào tiǎn tiān wù to waste natural resources recklessly / not to know how to use things sparingly syn 蚕丝 蠶絲 cán sī natural silk (secreted by silkworm) syn 天灾人祸 天災人禍 tiān zāi rén huò natural calamities and man-made disasters (idiom) syn 落落大方 luò luò dà fāng (of one's conduct, speech etc) natural and unrestrained syn 禀赋 稟賦 bǐng fù natural endowment / gift / talent syn 返璞归真 返璞歸真 fǎn pú guī zhēn to return to one's true self / to regain the natural state 自然数 自然數 zì rán shù natural number 顺产 順產 shùn chǎn to give birth without complications / easy childbirth / safe delivery / natural birth (without surgical operation) 禀性 稟性 bǐng xìng natural disposition syn 抗灾 抗災 kàng zāi defense against natural disasters 闭月羞花 閉月羞花 bì yuè xiū huā lit. hiding the moon, shaming the flowers (idiom) / fig. female beauty exceeding even that of the natural world syn 天堑 天塹 tiān qiàn natural moat syn 自然选择 自然選擇 zì rán xuǎn zé natural selection 灾荒 災荒 zāi huāng natural disaster / famine syn 本色 běn sè inherent qualities / natural qualities / distinctive character / true qualities syn 生态环境 生態環境 shēng tài huán jìng ecosystem / natural environment 原味 yuán wèi authentic taste / plain cooked / natural flavor (without spices and seasonings) 自然人 zì rán rén natural person (law) / see also 法人[fa3 ren2] 逆天 nì tiān (literary) to be in defiance of the natural order / (coll.) extraordinary / incredible 天理 tiān lǐ Heaven's law / the natural order of things syn 宗主 zōng zhǔ head of a clan / natural leader / person of prestige and authority in a domain / suzerain 秦岭 秦嶺 qín lǐng Qinling Mountain Range in Shaanxi forming a natural barrier between the Guanzhong Plain 關中平原|关中平原[Guan1 zhong1 Ping2 yuan2] and the Han River 漢水|汉水[Han4 shui3] valley 天然橡胶 天然橡膠 tiān rán xiàng jiāo natural rubber 深潭 shēn tán deep natural pond / deep pit / abyss 龙洞 龍洞 lóng dòng cave / natural cavern (in limestone) 灭失 滅失 miè shī loss (of sth through natural disaster, theft etc) (law) 风土 風土 fēng tǔ natural conditions and social customs of a place / local conditions syn 天险 天險 tiān xiǎn a natural stronghold syn 天择 天擇 tiān zé natural selection 自然语言 自然語言 zì rán yǔ yán natural language 自然增长率 自然增長率 zì rán zēng zhǎng shuài rate of natural increase 韵致 韻致 yùn zhì grace / natural charm syn 封山育林 fēng shān yù lín to restrict access to a mountainous area to promote natural forest regeneration 自然疗法 自然療法 zì rán liáo fǎ natural therapy 格致 格緻 gé zhì to study the underlying principle to acquire knowledge (abbr. for 格物致知[ge2 wu4 zhi4 zhi1]) / word for Western natural sciences during late Qing 风致 風致 fēng zhì natural charm / grace syn 