妈妈 媽媽 mā ma mama / mommy / mother / CL:個|个[ge4],位[wei4] syn 母亲 母親 mǔ qīn mother / also pr. [mu3 qin5] / CL:個|个[ge4] syn 父母 fù mǔ father and mother / parents syn 盒子 hé zi box / case / hezi – a savory turnover-like pie in northern Chinese and Mongolian cuisines syn 阿姨 ā yí maternal aunt / step-mother / childcare worker / nursemaid / woman of similar age to one's parents (term of address used by child) / CL:個|个[ge4] syn 祖母 zǔ mǔ father's mother / paternal grandmother syn 外婆 wài pó (coll.) mother's mother / maternal grandmother syn 姨妈 姨媽 yí mā (coll.) mother's sister / maternal aunt syn 老太太 lǎo tài tai elderly lady (respectful) / esteemed mother / CL:位[wei4] syn 大地 dà dì earth / mother earth syn 舅舅 jiù jiu mother's brother / maternal uncle (informal) / CL:個|个[ge4] syn 外公 wài gōng (coll.) mother's father / maternal grandfather syn 婆婆 pó po husband's mother / mother-in-law / grandma syn 娘娘 niáng niang queen / empress / imperial concubine / Goddess, esp. Xi Wangmu 王母娘娘 or 西王母, Queen Mother of the West / mother / aunt syn 老娘 lǎo niáng my old mother / I, this old woman / my old lady (colloquial) / maternal grandmother / midwife syn 母女 mǔ nǚ mother and daughter / mother-daughter 老奶奶 lǎo nǎi nai (coll.) father's father's mother / paternal great-grandmother / respectful form of address for an old woman syn 姥姥 lǎo lao (coll.) mother's mother / maternal grandmother syn 生母 shēng mǔ natural mother / birth mother syn 母亲节 母親節 mǔ qīn jié Mother's Day 母子 mǔ zǐ mother and child / parent and subsidiary (companies) / principal and interest 岳母 yuè mǔ wife's mother, mother-in-law syn 母体 母體 mǔ tǐ (zoology, medicine) mother's body / (chemistry etc) parent / matrix / (statistics) population / parent population 伯母 bó mǔ wife of father's elder brother / aunt / (polite form of address for a woman who is about the age of one's mother) / CL:個|个[ge4] syn 外祖母 wài zǔ mǔ mother's mother / maternal grandmother syn 马利亚 馬利亞 mǎ lì yà Maria (name) / Mary, mother of Jesus Christ 外祖父 wài zǔ fù maternal grandfather (i.e. mother's father) syn 母语 母語 mǔ yǔ native language / mother tongue / (linguistics) parent language 助产 助產 zhù chǎn to help a mother give birth 养母 養母 yǎng mǔ foster mother / adoptive mother syn 库伦 庫倫 kù lún enclosed pasture (Mongolian loanword) 丈母娘 zhàng mǔ niáng wife's mother / mother-in-law syn 姨父 yí fu husband of mother's sister / uncle syn 母猪 母豬 mǔ zhū sow / mother pig 家母 jiā mǔ (polite) my mother syn 哈达 哈達 hǎ dá khata (Tibetan or Mongolian ceremonial scarf) 姨丈 yí zhàng mother's sister's husband / husband of mother's sister syn 阿婆 ā pó granny / mother-in-law syn 慈母 cí mǔ warm, caring mother syn 舅父 jiù fù mother's brother / maternal uncle syn 活佛 huó fó Living Buddha / title of Mongolian Lamas from 17th century syn 干妈 乾媽 gān mā adoptive mother (traditional adoption, i.e. without legal ramifications) syn 令堂 lìng táng (honorific) your mother syn 姨母 yí mǔ mother's sister / maternal aunt syn 大姨 dà yí aunt (mother's eldest sister) / (respectful term of address for a woman who is about the age of one's mother) syn 舅母 jiù mǔ wife of mother's brother / aunt / maternal uncle's wife syn 二老 èr lǎo mother and father / parents syn 姨夫 yí fu mother's sister's husband / husband of mother's sister syn 酥油茶 sū yóu chá butter tea (Tibetan, Mongolian etc drink derived from milk) 母机 母機 mǔ jī machine tool / mother ship syn 阿妈 阿媽 ā mā grandma (paternal) (Tw) / (dialect) mother / nurse / amah / (Manchu) father syn 婆媳 pó xí mother-in-law and daughter-in-law 满洲里 滿洲里 mǎn zhōu lǐ Manzhouli, county-level city, Mongolian Manzhuur xot, in Hulunbuir 呼倫貝爾|呼伦贝尔[Hu1 lun2 bei4 er3], Inner Mongolia 大方 dà fāng expert / scholar / mother earth / a type of green tea syn 老妈 老媽 lǎo mā mother / mom 所生 suǒ shēng parents (father and mother) 小姨 xiǎo yí mother's youngest sister / wife's younger sister / sister-in-law 贤妻良母 賢妻良母 xián qī liáng mǔ a good wife and loving mother 西王母 xī wáng mǔ Xi Wangmu, Queen Mother of the West, keeper of the peaches of immortality / popularly known as 王母娘娘 syn 代孕 dài yùn to serve as a surrogate mother / surrogacy 黄羊 黃羊 huáng yáng Mongolian gazelle / Procapra gutturosa 待产 待產 dài chǎn (of an expectant mother) to be in labor syn 涮羊肉 shuàn yáng ròu Mongolian hot pot / instant-boiled mutton (dish) 隔山 gé shān half-sibling relationship / brothers with different mother / step- 月嫂 yuè sǎo woman hired to take care of a newborn child and its mother in the month after childbirth 大姨妈 大姨媽 dà yí mā mother's eldest sister (older than one's mother) / (coll.) (euphemism) Aunt Flo (i.e. menstrual period) 马头琴 馬頭琴 mǎ tóu qín morin khuur (Mongolian bowed stringed instrument) 格萨尔 格薩爾 gé sà ěr King Gesar, hero of a Tibetan and Mongolian epic cycle 蒙古语 蒙古語 měng gǔ yǔ Mongolian (language) 小阿姨 xiǎo ā yí auntie, youngest of sisters in mother's family 六亲 六親 liù qīn six close relatives, namely: father 父[fu4], mother 母[mu3], older brothers 兄[xiong1], younger brothers 弟[di4], wife 妻[qi1], male children 子[zi3] / one's kin syn 义母 義母 yì mǔ adoptive mother syn 圣母玛利亚 聖母瑪利亞 shèng mǔ mǎ lì yà Mary (mother of Jesus) 宗主国 宗主國 zōng zhǔ guó suzerain state / mother country (of a colony) 浩特 hào tè nomadic camp / town or village (Mongolian: khot) 妈 媽 mā ma / mom / mother syn 母 mǔ mother / elderly female relative / origin / source / (of animals) female syn 奶 嬭 nǎi mother / variant of 奶[nai3] syn 婆 pó (bound form) grandmother / (bound form) matron / (bound form) mother-in-law / (slang) femme (in a lesbian relationship) syn 姨 yí mother's sister / aunt syn 姑 gū paternal aunt / husband's sister / husband's mother (old) / nun / for the time being (literary) syn 曾祖母 zēng zǔ mǔ father's father's mother / paternal great-grandmother syn 瑶 瑤 yáo jade / precious stone / mother-of-pearl / nacre / precious / used a complementary honorific 槲 hú Mongolian oak (Quercus dentata) / see also 槲樹|槲树[hu2 shu4] 萧乾 蕭乾 xiāo qián Xiao Qian (1910-1999), Mongolian-born, Cambridge-educated journalist active during Second World War in Europe, subsequently famous author and translator 王太后 wáng tài hòu Queen Dowager (in Europe) / widowed queen / Queen mother 安德海 ān dé hǎi An Dehai (-1869), the Qing equivalent of Rasputin, all-powerful court eunuch with the dowager empress Cixi 慈禧太后[Ci2 xi3 tai4 hou4], executed in 1869 by her rival Empress Mother Empress Dowager Ci'an 慈安皇太后 丈母 zhàng mǔ wife's mother / mother-in-law syn 恃 shì (bound form) to rely on / (literary) one's mother syn 噶 gá phonetic ga (used in rendering Tibetan and Mongolian sounds) / Tibetan Ge: language of Buddha / (dialect) final particle similar to 了[le5] (esp. in Yunnan) 妗 jìn wife of mother's brother syn 獍 jìng a mythical animal that eats its mother 妣 bǐ deceased mother 珧 yáo mother-of-pearl 姨婆 yí pó (strictly speaking) sister of one's maternal grandmother / (more broadly) grandaunt / sister of one's mother's mother or mother's father / (Tw) (old) husband's maternal aunt syn 那达慕 那達慕 nà dá mù Nadam or Games, Mongolian national harvest festival in July-August 老佛爷 老佛爺 lǎo fó yé title of respect for the queen mother or the emperor's father / nickname for Empress Dowager Cixi 慈禧太后[Ci2 xi3 tai4 hou4] syn 根河 gēn hé Genhe, county-level city, Mongolian Gegeen-gol xot, in Hulunbuir 呼倫貝爾|呼伦贝尔[Hu1 lun2 bei4 er3], Inner Mongolia 干娘 乾娘 gān niáng adoptive mother (traditional adoption, i.e. without legal ramifications) syn 