先礼后兵 先禮後兵 xiān lǐ hòu bīng lit. peaceful measures before using force (idiom) / fig. diplomacy before violence / jaw-jaw is better than war-war 上游 shàng yóu upper reaches (of a river) / upper level / upper echelon / upstream syn 上梁 上樑 shàng liáng to lay an upper beam / (a building's) upper beam / (a bicycle's) top tube 上议院 上議院 shàng yì yuàn Upper Chamber / Upper House / Senate 海洋上层 海洋上層 upper layer of the oceans / upper ocean 牙关 牙關 yá guān jaw / mandibular joint 下颚 下顎 xià è mandible (lower jaw) syn 下颌 下頜 xià hé lower jaw / mandible syn 下颔 下頷 xià hàn lower jaw / mandible 颐 頤 yí (literary) chin / jaw / (literary) to foster / to nurture / to protect syn 颌 頜 hé (bound form) jaw syn 颚 顎 è jaw / palate 下颌骨 下頜骨 xià hé gǔ lower jaw / mandible 小颚 小顎 xiǎo è mandible (lower jaw) 笑掉大牙 xiào diào dà yá to laugh one's head off / ridiculous / jaw-dropping syn 腮颊 腮頰 sāi jiá cheek / jaw syn 颚部 顎部 è bù jaw 戽斗 hù dǒu bailing bucket (tool for irrigating fields) / protruding lower jaw syn 压板 壓板 yā bǎn vise jaw / press board (machine) 上方 shàng fāng place above (it) / upper part (of it) syn 高位 gāo wèi high position / eminent status / top job / raised position / upper (limbs) / a high (i.e. local maximum) / high point on scale, high grade, temperature, latitude etc syn 上衣 shàng yī jacket / upper outer garment / CL:件[jian4] syn 上身 shàng shēn upper part of the body syn 上限 shàng xiàn upper bound 限额 限額 xiàn é quota / limit (upper or lower) / to set a quota / to set a limit 上层 上層 shàng céng upper layer 上部 shàng bù upper section 华西 華西 huá xī West China (region in the upper reaches of Yangtze River and Sichuan Province) 上流 shàng liú upper class syn 上半身 shàng bàn shēn the upper body syn 马背 馬背 mǎ bèi horse's back / (traditional Chinese architecture) roof with a low-slung curved ridgelines and geometric shapes on the upper gable walls at the ends of the roof ridges 三军 三軍 sān jūn (in former times) upper, middle and lower army / army of right, center and left / (in modern times) the three armed services: Army, Navy and Air Force syn 上 shàng (bound form) up / upper / above / previous / first (of multiple parts) / to climb / to get onto / to go up / to attend (class or university) / (directional complement) up / (noun suffix) on / above syn 至多 zhì duō up to the maximum / upper limit / at most syn 参议院 參議院 cān yì yuàn senate / upper chamber (of legislative assembly) 上装 上裝 shàng zhuāng upper garment syn 契丹 qì dān Qidan or Khitan, ethnic group in ancient China, a branch of the Eastern Hu people inhabiting the valley of the Xar Murun River in the upper reaches of the Liao River 遼河|辽河[Liao2 He2] 上流社会 上流社會 shàng liú shè huì upper class / high society 占上风 佔上風 zhàn shàng fēng to take the lead / to gain the upper hand syn 贵妇 貴婦 guì fù upper-class woman / lady (old) syn 上水 shàng shuǐ upper reaches (of a river) / to go upstream / to add some water / to water (a crop etc) syn 涨停板 漲停板 zhǎng tíng bǎn daily upper limit on the price of a stock 膀子 bǎng zi upper arm / arm / wing syn 右上 yòu shàng upper right 左上 zuǒ shàng upper left 栈道 棧道 zhàn dào plank walkway constructed on the face of a cliff / (archaic) elevated passageway connecting the upper levels of adjacent towers 上肢 shàng zhī upper limb syn 脚背 腳背 jiǎo bèi instep (upper surface of the foot) syn 先声夺人 先聲奪人 xiān shēng duó rén to gain the upper hand by a show of strength syn 上臂 shàng bì upper arm syn 帮子 幫子 bāng zi outer (of cabbage etc) / upper (of a shoe) / (coll.) group / gang syn 澜沧江 瀾滄江 lán cāng jiāng Lancang River of Qinghai and Yunnan, the upper reaches of Mekong River 湄公河[Mei2 gong1 He2] of Southeast Asia 上唇 shàng chún upper lip / (entomology) labrum 脚面 腳面 jiǎo miàn instep (upper surface of the foot) syn 五花大绑 五花大綁 wǔ huā dà bǎng to bind a person's upper body, with arms tied behind the back and rope looped around the neck / to truss up syn 元老院 yuán lǎo yuàn upper house / senate / senior statesmen's assembly 褂子 guà zi unlined upper garment syn 参院 參院 cān yuàn abbr. for 參議院|参议院[can1 yi4 yuan4], senate / upper chamber (of legislative assembly) 瞿塘峡 瞿塘峽 qū táng xiá Qutang Gorge, 8 km long gorge on the Changjiang or Yangtze in Chongqing 重慶|重庆[Chong2 qing4], the upper of the Three Gorges 三峽|三峡[San1 Xia2] 小褂 xiǎo guà close-fitting (Chinese-style) upper garment syn 膀臂 bǎng bì upper arm / arm / reliable helper / right-hand man syn 老虎凳 lǎo hǔ dèng tiger bench (torture method in which the victim sits with legs extended horizontally along a bench, upper legs held down with straps while bricks are inserted under the feet, forcing the knee joint to bend in reverse) 龙羊峡 龍羊峽 lóng yáng xiá Longyangxia canyon on the upper reaches of the Yellow River, Gonghe county 共和縣|共和县[Gong4 he2 xian4] in Hainan Tibetan autonomous prefecture, Qinghai 帮 幫 bāng to help / to assist / to support / for sb (i.e. as a help) / hired (as worker) / side (of pail, boat etc) / outer layer / upper (of a shoe) / group / gang / clique / party / secret society syn 眉 méi eyebrow / upper margin syn 膊 bó shoulder / upper arm syn 趴 pā to lie on one's stomach / to lean forward, resting one's upper body (on a desktop etc) / (Tw) percent syn 肱 gōng upper arm / arm syn 裉 kèn side seam in an upper garment 裼 xī to bare the upper body 阘 闒 tà door or window in an upper story 腄 chuí callus on the hand or foot / upper leg bone of horse or bird / buttocks 闒 tà door or window in an upper story 上梁不正下梁歪 shàng liáng bù zhèng xià liáng wāi lit. If the upper beam is not straight, the lower beam will be crooked (idiom) / fig. subordinates imitate their superiors' vices syn 先下手为强 先下手為強 xiān xià shǒu wéi qiáng (idiom) strike first to gain the upper hand syn 贵族化 貴族化 guì zú huà gentrification / aristocratic / upper-class 上齿 上齒 shàng chǐ upper teeth 中气层 中氣層 zhōng qì céng mesosphere / upper atmosphere 金沙江 jīn shā jiāng Jinsha river, upper reaches of Yangtze river or Changjiang 長江|长江 in Sichuan and Yunnan 怒江 nù jiāng see 怒江傈僳族自治州[Nu4jiang1 Li4su4zu2 Zi4zhi4zhou1] / Nujiang river of south Tibet and northwest Yunnan, the upper reaches of Salween river 薩爾溫江|萨尔温江, forming border of Myanmar and Thailand 上界 shàng jiè upper bound 三江并流 三江並流 sān jiāng bìng liú Three Parallel Rivers National Park, in mountainous northwest Yunnan World Heritage protected area: the three rivers are Nujiang 怒江[Nu4 jiang1] or Salween, Jinsha 金沙江[Jin1 sha1 jiang1] or upper reaches of Changjiang and Lancang 瀾滄江|澜沧江[Lan2 cang1 Jiang1] or Mekong 上半部分 shàng bàn bù fèn upper part / top half 上眼睑 上眼瞼 shàng yǎn jiǎn upper eyelid 上睑 上瞼 shàng jiǎn upper eyelid 上确界 上確界 shàng què jiè supremum (math.) / least upper bound 上齿龈 上齒齦 shàng chǐ yín upper alveolar ridge 前锯肌 前鋸肌 qián jù jī serratus anterior muscle (upper sides of the chest) 半截衫 bàn jié shān upper jacket 唐楼 唐樓 táng lóu tenement building, typically of 2-4 stories, with a shop on the ground floor and upper floors used for residential purposes (esp. in southern China) 塔刹 塔剎 tǎ chà Buddhist ornamentation decorating the upper story of a pagoda 承重孙 承重孫 chéng zhòng sūn eldest grandson (to sustain upper storeys of ancestor worship) 救生艇甲板 jiù shēng tǐng jiǎ bǎn boat deck (upper deck on which lifeboats are stored) 斜方肌 xié fāng jī trapezius muscle (of the upper back and neck) 汶上 wèn shàng Wenshang County in Jining 濟寧|济宁[Ji3 ning2], Shandong / classically, upper reaches of Wen River in Shandong, used to refer to Qi 齊國|齐国[Qi2 guo2] 湟水 huáng shuǐ Huangshui River, upper reaches of the Yellow River 黃河|黄河[Huang2 He2], flowing through Qinghai and Gansu 狮泉河 獅泉河 shī quán hé Sengge Tsangpo or Shiquan River in west Tibet, the upper reaches of the Indus 瓦赫基尔河 瓦赫基爾河 wǎ hè jī ěr hé Vakhsh river (upper reaches of Amu Darya) 