总统 總統 zǒng tǒng president (of a country) / CL:個|个[ge4],位[wei4],名[ming2],屆|届[jie4] syn 华盛顿 華盛頓 huá shèng dùn Washington (name) / George Washington (1732-1799), first US president / Washington, US State / Washington, D.C. (US federal capital) 校长 校長 xiào zhǎng (college, university) president / headmaster / CL:個|个[ge4],位[wei4],名[ming2] 卡特 kǎ tè Carter (name) / Jimmy Carter (1924-), US Democrat politician, president 1977-1981 林肯 lín kěn Lincoln (name) / Abraham Lincoln (1809-1865), US president 1861-1865 / Lincoln, US car make 肯尼迪 kěn ní dí Kennedy (name) / J.F. Kennedy (1917-1963), US Democrat politician, president 1961-1963 布什 bù shí Bush (name) / George H.W. Bush (1924-2018), US president 1988-1992 / George W. Bush (1946-), US President 2000-2008 会长 會長 huì zhǎng president of a club, committee etc 院长 院長 yuàn zhǎng the head of an institution whose name ends in 院[yuan4] / chair of a board / university president / college dean / premier of the Republic of China / CL:個|个[ge4] 社长 社長 shè zhǎng president or director (of association etc) 卡斯特罗 卡斯特羅 kǎ sī tè luó Castro (name) / Fidel Castro or Fidel Alejandro Castro Ruz (1926-2016), Cuban revolutionary leader, prime minister 1959-1976, president 1976-2008 尼克松 ní kè sōng Richard Nixon (1913-1994), US president 1969-1974 / surname Nixon 克林顿 克林頓 kè lín dùn Clinton (name) / Bill Clinton (1946-), US Democratic politician, President 1993-2001 / Hillary Rodham Clinton (1947-), US Democratic politician 罗斯福 羅斯福 luó sī fú Roosevelt (name) / Theodore Roosevelt (1858-1919), US President 1901-1909 / Franklin D. Roosevelt (1882-1945), US President 1933-1945 现任 現任 xiàn rèn to occupy a post currently / current (president etc) / incumbent / (coll.) current boyfriend (girlfriend, spouse) 曼德拉 màn dé lā Nelson Mandela (1918-2013), South African ANC politician, president of South Africa 1994-1999 里根 lǐ gēn Reagan (name) / Ronald Reagan (1911-2004), US president (1981-1989) 旧约 舊約 jiù yuē former agreement / former contract syn 戈尔 戈爾 gē ěr Gore (name) / Al Gore (1948-), US vice-president 1993-2001 under Bill Clinton, subsequently environmental campaigner and Nobel Peace laureate 罗格 羅格 luó gé Logue or Rogge (name) / Jacques Rogge, president of International Olympic Committee (IOC) 戴高乐 戴高樂 dài gāo lè Charles De Gaulle (1890-1970), French general and politician, leader of the Free French during World War II and president of the Republic 1959-1969 切尼 qiē ní Cheney (name) / Richard B. "Dick" Cheney (1941-), US Republican politician, vice-president 2001-2008 叶利钦 葉利欽 yè lì qīn Yeltsin (name) / Boris Yeltsin (1931-2007) first post-communist president of Russia 1991-1999 戈尔巴乔夫 戈爾巴喬夫 gē ěr bā qiáo fū Gorbachev / Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev (1931-2022), last president of the Soviet Union 1991-1995 拉莫斯 lā mò sī (Philippine President Fidel) Ramos 旧物 舊物 jiù wù old property (esp. inherited from former generation) / former territory syn 行长 行長 háng zhǎng bank president 福尔 福爾 fú ěr Félix Faure (1841-1899), president of France 1895-1899 萨摩 薩摩 sà mó Satsuma, the name of a former feudal domain in Japan, and of a former province, a battleship, a district, a peninsula etc 金大中 jīn dà zhōng Kim Dae-jung (1926-2009), South Korea politician, president 1998-2003, Nobel peace prize laureate 2000 大总统 大總統 dà zǒng tǒng president (primarily used during the early years of the Republic of China, 1912-1928) 克勒 kè lè Keller or Köhler (name) / Horst Köhler (1943-), German economist and CDU politician, head of the IMF 2000-2004, president of Germany 2004-2010 陈水扁 陳水扁 chén shuǐ biǎn Chen Shui-Bian (1950-), Taiwanese DPP 民進黨|民进党 politician, president of the Republic of China 2000-2008 连战 連戰 lián zhàn Lien Chan (1936-), Taiwanese politician, former vice-president and chairman of Guomintang 内贾德 內賈德 nèi jiǎ dé Mahmoud Ahmadinejad (1956-), Iranian fundamentalist politician, president of Iran 2005-2013 / abbr. for 艾哈邁迪內賈德|艾哈迈迪内贾德 蒙代尔 蒙代爾 méng dài ěr Walter Mondale (1928-), US democratic politician, US vice-president 1977-1981 and ambassador to Japan 1993-1996 藤森 téng sēn Fujimori (Japanese surname) / Alberto Ken'ya Fujimori (1938-), president of Peru 1990-2000 副总裁 副總裁 fù zǒng cái vice-chairman (of an organization) / vice president (of a company) / deputy governor (of a bank) 江泽民 江澤民 jiāng zé mín Jiang Zemin (1926-2022), politician, president of PRC 1993-2003 美国总统 美國總統 měi guó zǒng tǒng president 副院长 副院長 fù yuàn zhǎng deputy chair of board / vice-president (of a university etc) 马英九 馬英九 mǎ yīng jiǔ Ma Ying-jeou (1950-), Taiwanese Kuomintang politician, Mayor of Taipei 1998-2006, president of Republic of China 2008-2016 孙中山 孫中山 sūn zhōng shān Dr Sun Yat-sen (1866-1925), first president of the Republic of China and co-founder of the Guomintang 國民黨|国民党 / same as 孫逸仙|孙逸仙 国家主席 國家主席 guó jiā zhǔ xí president (title of the head of state of China and several other nations) 李登辉 李登輝 lǐ dēng huī Lee Teng-hui (1923-2020), Taiwanese politician, president of ROC 1988-2000 副总统 副總統 fù zǒng tǒng vice-president 李开复 李開復 lǐ kāi fù Kai-Fu Lee (1961-), Taiwanese computer scientist and IT executive, founding president of Google China 2005-2009 曾庆红 曾慶紅 zēng qìng hóng Zeng Qinghong (1939-), vice-president of PRC 2003-2008 往届 往屆 wǎng jiè former sessions / former years 蒋经国 蔣經國 jiǎng jīng guó Chiang Ching-kuo (1910-1988), son of Chiang Kai-shek 蔣介石|蒋介石, Guomindang politician, president of ROC 1978-1988 汪道涵 wāng dào hán Wang Daohan (1915-2005), former president of the Association for Relations Across the Taiwan Straits 蔡元培 cài yuán péi Cai Yuanpei (1868-1940), educationist and politician, president of Peking University 1917-27 肖扬 肖揚 xiāo yáng Xiao Yang (1938-), president of the PRC Supreme Court 1998-2008 李源潮 lǐ yuán cháo Li Yuanchao (1950-), vice president of PRC from 2013-2018 穆巴拉克 mù bā lā kè Hosni Mubarak (1928-2020), former Egyptian President and military commander 习近平 習近平 xí jìn píng Xi Jinping (1953-), PRC politician, General Secretary of the CCP from 2012, president of the PRC from 2013 荣毅仁 榮毅仁 róng yì rén Rong Yiren (1916-2005), PRC Vice President from 1993-1998, played an important role in opening Chinese economy to Western investors 萨马兰奇 薩馬蘭奇 sà mǎ lán qí Juan Antonio Samaranch (1920-2010), Spanish Olympic official, president of International Olympic Committee 1980-2001 苏哈托 蘇哈托 sū hā tuō Suharto (1921-2008), former Indonesian general, president of the Republic of Indonesia 1967-1998 杨尚昆 楊尚昆 yáng shàng kūn Yang Shangkun (1907-1998), former president of PRC and military leader 第一夫人 dì yī fū rén First Lady (wife of US president) 门罗 門羅 mén luó Monroe (name) / James Monroe (1758-1831), fifth US president 尼克森 ní kè sēn Nixon (name) / Richard M Nixon (1913-1994), US president 1969-1974 胡佛 hú fó Hoover (name) / Herbert Hoover (1874-1964) US mining engineer and Republican politician, president (1929-1933) 艾森豪威尔 艾森豪威爾 ài sēn háo wēi ěr Dwight D. Eisenhower (1890-1969), US army general and politician, Supreme Allied Commander in Europe during World War II, US President 1953-1961 麦克阿瑟 麥克阿瑟 mài kè ā sè General Douglas MacArthur (1880-1964), US commander in Pacific during WW2, sacked in 1951 by President Truman for exceeding orders during the Korean war 青瓦台 青瓦臺 qīng wǎ tái the Blue House (or Cheong Wa Dae), formerly the residence of the president of South Korea in Seoul (1948-2022), now a public park 墨索里尼 mò suǒ lǐ ní Benito Mussolini (1883-1945), Italian fascist dictator, "Il Duce", president 1922-1943 鲁宾 魯賓 lǔ bīn Rubin (name) / Robert E. Rubin (1938-), US Treasury Secretary 1995-1999 under President Clinton 布托 bù tuō Bhutto (name) / Zulfikar Ali Bhutto (1928-1979), president of Pakistan 1971-1979 executed by General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq / Benazzir Bhutto (1953-2007), twice president of Pakistan 1988-1990 and 1993-1996 纳赛尔 納賽爾 nà sài ěr Nasr or Nasser (Arab name) / Gamal Abdel Nasser (1918-1970), Egyptian President 朴正熙 piáo zhèng xī Park Chung-Hee (1917-1979), South Korean military man and dictator, president 1963-1979, influential in developing Korean industry, murdered by his bodyguard 祖马 祖馬 zǔ mǎ Zuma (name) / Jacob Zuma (1942-), South African ANC politician, vice-president 1999-2005, president 2009-2018 容克 róng kè Junker (German aristocracy) / Jean-Claude Juncker (1954-), Luxembourgish politician, prime minister of Luxembourg 1995-2013, president of the European Commission 2014-2019 徐世昌 xú shì chāng Xu Shichang (1855-1939), politician associated with the Northern Warlords, president of China in 1921 巴希尔 巴希爾 bā xī ěr Bashir (name) / Omar Hassan Ahmad al-Bashir (1944-), Sudanese military man and politician, president of Sudan 1993-2019 彭斯 péng sī Mike Pence (1959-), US Republican politician, US vice president from 2017 苏莱曼 蘇萊曼 sū lái màn Suleiman (name) / General Michel Suleiman (1948-), Lebanese military man and politician, president of Lebanon 2008-2014 爱丽舍宫 愛麗捨宮 ài lì shě gōng Elysée Palace, the residence of the president of the French Republic 前 qián front / forward / ahead / first / top (followed by a number) / future / ago / before / BC (e.g. 前293年) / former / formerly syn 曾经 曾經 céng jīng once / already / former / previously / ever / (past tense marker used before verb or clause) syn 原来 原來 yuán lái original / former / originally / formerly / at first / so, actually, as it turns out syn 原 yuán former / original / primary / raw / level / cause / source syn 制服 zhì fú to subdue / to check / to bring under control / (in former times) what one is allowed to wear depending on social status / uniform (army, party, school etc) / livery (for company employees) / CL:套[tao4] 拉丁 lā dīng Latin / (in former times) to press-gang / to kidnap and force people into service 前任 qián rèn predecessor / ex- / former / ex (spouse etc) syn 前夫 qián fū former husband 汉城 漢城 hàn chéng Hanseong, former name of Seoul (capital of South Korea), replaced in 2005 with 首爾|首尔[Shou3 er3] 往事 wǎng shì past events / former happenings syn 复原 復原 fù yuán to restore (sth) to (its) former condition / to recover from illness / recovery syn 原先 yuán xiān originally / original / former syn 武术 武術 wǔ shù military skill or technique (in former times) / all kinds of martial art sports (some claiming spiritual development) / self-defense / tradition of choreographed fights from opera and film (recent usage) / also called kungfu 功夫 / CL:種|种[zhong3] syn 中场 中場 zhōng chǎng middle period of a tripartite provincial exam (in former times) / midfield / mid-court (in sports) / half-time / intermission half-way through a performance 复发 復發 fù fā to recur (of a disease) / to reappear / to relapse (into a former bad state) syn 旧事 舊事 jiù shì old affair / former matter syn 往日 wǎng rì former days / the past syn 叙旧 敘舊 xù jiù to reminisce / to talk about former times syn 前嫌 qián xián former hatred / bygone enmity 昔日 xī rì former days / in the past syn 