准 準 zhǔn accurate / standard / definitely / certainly / about to become (bride, son-in-law etc) / quasi- / para- syn 孙子 孫子 sūn zi grandson / son's son syn 执法 執法 zhí fǎ to enforce a law / law enforcement 公子 gōng zǐ son of an official / son of nobility / your son (honorific) syn 外甥 wài shēng sister's son / wife's sibling's son syn 少爷 少爺 shào ye son of the boss / young master of the house / your son (honorific) syn 定律 dìng lǜ scientific law (e.g. law of conservation of energy) / (in human affairs) a generalization based on observation (e.g. "power corrupts") syn 天子 tiān zǐ the (rightful) emperor / "Son of Heaven" (traditional English translation) syn 女婿 nǚ xù daughter's husband / son-in-law syn 天皇 tiān huáng Heavenly Sovereign, one of the three legendary sovereigns 三皇[san1 huang2] / emperor / emperor of Japan syn 圣子 聖子 shèng zǐ Holy Son / Jesus Christ / God the Son (in the Christian Trinity) 皇上 huáng shang the emperor / Your majesty the emperor / His imperial majesty syn 严刑 嚴刑 yán xíng strict law / cruel punishment / to carry out cruel law rigorously syn 起诉书 起訴書 qǐ sù shū indictment (law) / statement of charges (law) syn 养子 養子 yǎng zǐ adopted son / foster son syn 亲家 親家 qìng jia parents of one's daughter-in-law or son-in-law / relatives by marriage syn 王法 wáng fǎ the law / the law of the land / the law of a state (in former times) / criterion syn 以身试法 以身試法 yǐ shēn shì fǎ to challenge the law (idiom) / to knowingly violate the law syn 护法 護法 hù fǎ to keep the law / to protect Buddha's teachings / protector of Buddhist law (i.e. temple donor) 法治 fǎ zhì rule of law / to rule by law syn 姑爷 姑爺 gū ye son-in-law (used by wife's family) / uncle (husband of father's sister) syn 贪赃枉法 貪贓枉法 tān zāng wǎng fǎ corruption and abuse of the law (idiom) / to take bribes and bend the law syn 天道 tiān dào natural law / heavenly law / weather (dialect) syn 公司法 gōng sī fǎ corporations law / company law / corporate law 洪武 hóng wǔ Hongwu Emperor, also written Hung-wu Ti, reign name of first Ming emperor Zhu Yuanzhang 朱元璋[Zhu1 Yuan2 zhang1] (1328-1398), reigned 1386-1398, temple name 明太祖[Ming2 Tai4 zu3] 阿斗 ā dǒu A-dou, nickname of Liu Shan 劉禪|刘禅[Liu2 Shan4] (207-271), son of Liu Bei, reigned as Shu Han emperor 233-263 / (fig.) weak and inept person syn 表叔 biǎo shū son of grandfather's sister / son of grandmother's brother or sister / father's younger male cousin / (Hong Kong slang) mainlander syn 习惯法 習慣法 xí guàn fǎ customary law / common law 永乐 永樂 yǒng lè Yongle Emperor, reign name of third Ming emperor Zhu Di 朱棣[Zhu1 Di4] (1360-1424), reigned 1403-1424, temple name 明成祖[Ming2 Cheng2 zu3] 长孙 長孫 zhǎng sūn eldest grandson / the eldest son of one's eldest son 婆媳 pó xí mother-in-law and daughter-in-law 正德 zhèng dé Zhengde Emperor, reign name of eleventh Ming emperor Zhu Houzhao 朱厚照[Zhu1 Hou4 zhao4] (1491-1521), reigned 1505-1521, temple name 明武宗[Ming2 Wu3 zong1] 太上皇 tài shàng huáng Taishang Huang / Retired Emperor / father of the reigning emperor / fig. puppet master 天顺 天順 tiān shùn Tianshun Emperor, reign name of eighth Ming Emperor 朱祁鎮|朱祁镇[Zhu1 Qi2 zhen4] (1427-1464), reigned 1457-1464, temple name Yingzong 英宗[Ying1 zong1] 乾隆 qián lóng Qianlong Emperor (1711-1799), sixth Qing emperor, princely title 寶親王|宝亲王[Bao3 Qin1 wang2], personal name 弘曆|弘历[Hong2 li4], reigned 1735-1799 女婿 nǚ xu daughter's husband / son-in-law syn 黄帝 黃帝 huáng dì the Yellow Emperor, mythological emperor of China, reigned c. 2697-2597 BC 嘉庆 嘉慶 jiā qìng Jiaqing Emperor (1760-1820), seventh Qing emperor, personal name 顒琰|颙琰[Yong2 yan3], reigned 1796-1820 炎黄子孙 炎黃子孫 yán huáng zǐ sūn descendants of the Fiery Emperor and the Yellow Emperor (i.e. Han Chinese people) syn 多尔衮 多爾袞 duō ěr gǔn Dorgon (1612-1651), fourteenth son of Nurhaci 努爾哈赤|努尔哈赤[Nu3 er3 ha1 chi4], successful general, instrumental in Manchu conquest of China, ruled China as regent 1644-1650 for his nephew Emperor Shunzhi 順治帝|顺治帝[Shun4 zhi4 di4] 溥仪 溥儀 pǔ yí Puyi, personal name of the last Qing emperor (reigned as child 1909-1911), the subject of Bertolucci's biopic The Last Emperor 曹丕 cáo pī Cao Pi (187-226), second son of Cao Cao 曹操, king then emperor of Cao Wei 曹魏 from 220, ruled as Emperor Wen 魏文帝, also a noted calligrapher 建文 jiàn wén Jianwen Emperor, reign name of second Ming Emperor Zhu Yunwen 朱允炆[Zhu1 Yun3 wen2] (1377-1402), reigned 1398-1402 小开 小開 xiǎo kāi (dialect) boss's son / rich man's son / young master syn 宣德 xuān dé Xuande Emperor, reign name of fifth Ming emperor Zhu Zhanji 朱瞻基[Zhu1 Zhan1 ji1] (1398-1435), reigned 1426-1436, temple name 明宣宗[Ming2 Xuan1 zong1] 法政 fá zhèng law and government / law and politics syn 唐明皇 táng míng huáng Emperor Ming of Tang (685-762), also known as Emperor Xuanzong of Tang 唐玄宗[Tang2 Xuan2 zong1], reigned 712-756 汉文帝 漢文帝 hàn wén dì Emperor Wen of Han (202-157 BC), fourth Han emperor, personal name Liu Heng 劉恆|刘恒[Liu2 Heng2], reigned 180-157 BC 孽子 niè zǐ unfilial son / unworthy son / illegitimate son / concubine's son 汉献帝 漢獻帝 hàn xiàn dì Emperor Xian of Han (181-234), the final Han emperor, set up by Dong Zhuo 董卓, reigned 189-220, forced to abdicate 220 by Cao Pi 曹丕 朝 cháo imperial or royal court / government / dynasty / reign of a sovereign or emperor / court or assembly held by a sovereign or emperor / to make a pilgrimage to / facing / towards syn 婿 xù son-in-law / husband syn 倩 qiàn pretty / winsome / to ask for sb's help / son-in-law (old) syn 执法如山 執法如山 zhí fǎ rú shān to maintain the law as firm as a mountain (idiom) / to enforce the law strictly syn 乘龙快婿 乘龍快婿 chéng lóng kuài xù ideal son-in-law syn 孙媳妇 孫媳婦 sūn xí fu son's son's wife / grandson's wife syn 唐高祖 táng gāo zǔ Emperor Gaozu of Tang, reign name of first Tang emperor Li Yuan 李淵|李渊[Li3 Yuan1] (566-635), reigned 618-626 顺治帝 順治帝 shùn zhì dì Fulin Emperor Shunzhi (1638-1662), second Qing emperor, reigned 1644-1662 儿子 兒子 ér zi son syn 儿 兒 ér child / son syn 子 zǐ son / child / seed / egg / small thing / 1st earthly branch: 11 p.m.-1 a.m., midnight, 11th solar month (7th December to 5th January), year of the rat / viscount, fourth of five orders of nobility 五等爵位[wu3deng3 jue2wei4] / ancient Chinese compass point: 0° (north) / subsidiary / subordinate / (prefix) sub- syn 圣诞 聖誕 shèng dàn Christmas / birthday of reigning Emperor / Confucius' birthday 杂种 雜種 zá zhǒng hybrid / mixed breed / bastard / son of a bitch syn 王子 wáng zǐ prince / son of a king syn 侄子 姪子 zhí zi brother's son / nephew syn 皇帝 huáng dì emperor / CL:個|个[ge4] syn 恺撒 愷撒 kǎi sǎ Caesar (name) / Gaius Julius Caesar 100-42 BC / by extension, emperor, Kaiser, Tsar 孙女 孫女 sūn nǚ son's daughter / granddaughter 拿破仑 拿破侖 ná pò lún Napoleon (name) / Napoleon Bonaparte (1769-1821), Emperor of France 1804-1815 父子 fù zǐ father and son syn 犹大 猶大 yóu dà Judas / Judah (son of Jacob) 苏丹 蘇丹 sū dān Sudan / sultan (ruler of some Muslim states, esp. Ottoman Emperor) 浪子 làng zǐ loafer / wastrel / prodigal son syn 大帝 dà dì heavenly emperor / "the Great" (title) syn 谢恩 謝恩 xiè ēn to thank sb for favor (esp. emperor or superior official) syn 外孙 外孫 wài sūn daughter's son / grandson / descendant via the female line syn 行人 xíng rén pedestrian / traveler on foot / passer-by / official responsible for arranging audiences with the emperor syn 长子 長子 zhǎng zǐ eldest son syn 宫廷 宮廷 gōng tíng court (of king or emperor) syn 独生子 獨生子 dú shēng zǐ a son who is an only child syn 天王 tiān wáng emperor / god / Hong Xiuquan's self-proclaimed title / see also 洪秀全[Hong2 Xiu4 quan2] syn 道光 dào guāng reign name of Qing emperor (1821-1850) 独子 獨子 dú zǐ a son who is an only child syn 爱子 愛子 ài zǐ beloved son 御用 禦用 yù yòng for use by the emperor / imperial / (derog.) in the pay of the ruler 男儿 男兒 nán ér a (real) man / boy / son syn 孝子 xiào zǐ filial son syn 师兄 師兄 shī xiōng senior male fellow student or apprentice / son (older than oneself) of one's teacher syn 昭和 zhāo hé Shōwa, Japanese era name, corresponding to the reign (1925-1989) of emperor Hirohito 裕仁[Yu4 ren2] 明治 míng zhì Meiji, Japanese era name, corresponding to the reign (1868-1912) of the Meiji emperor 次子 cì zǐ second son 令郎 lìng láng your esteemed son (honorific) syn 公子哥儿 公子哥兒 gōng zǐ gē r pampered son of a wealthy family syn 恩泽 恩澤 ēn zé favor from an emperor or high official syn 天宫 天宮 tiān gōng Temple in Heaven (e.g. of the Jade Emperor) / Tiangong, Chinese space station program syn 皇位 huáng wèi the title of Emperor 围场 圍場 wéi chǎng enclosure / pig pen / hunting ground exclusively kept for emperor or nobility (in former times) 忽必烈 hū bì liè Khubilai Khan (1215-1294), grandson of Genghis Khan 成吉思汗, first Yuan dynasty emperor, reigned 1260-1294 承继 承繼 chéng jì adoption (e.g. of a nephew as a son) / to inherit syn 