to appear on stage in an amateur capacity / (of a professional) to make a guest appearance / (fig.) to assume a role outside one's usual duties / to substitute for
Hongmen feast / (fig.) banquet set up with the aim of murdering a guest / refers to a famous episode in 206 BC when future Han emperor Liu Bang 劉邦|刘邦[Liu2 Bang1] escaped attempted murder by his rival Xiang Yu 項羽|项羽[Xiang4 Yu3]
lit. the voice of the guest overwhelms that of the host (idiom) / fig. a minor player upstages the main attraction / minor details obscure the main point / the sauce is better than the fish
Jonathan D Spence (1936-), distinguished British US historian of China, author of The Search for Modern China 追尋現代中國|追寻现代中国[Zhui1 xun2 Xian4 dai4 Zhong1 guo2]
Liu Shutong (1880-1942), painter, Buddhist monk and distinguished figure in New Culture Movement 新文化運動|新文化运动[Xin1 Wen2 hua4 Yun4 dong4] after the Xinhai Revolution 辛亥革命[Xin1 hai4 Ge2 ming4] of 1911
reading or phonetic value of a character / (Japanese linguistics) on-reading, a pronunciation of a kanji derived from its pronunciation in a Sinitic language at the time it was imported from China (Note: An on-reading of a character is distinguished from its kun-reading(s) 訓讀|训读[xun4 du2]. For example, 山 has an on-reading "san" and a kun-reading "yama".)
a reading of a written Chinese word derived from a synonym (typically, a vernacular synonym) (e.g. in Mandarin, 投子[tou2 zi5] may be pronounced as its synonym 色子[shai3 zi5], and in Wu dialects, 二 is pronounced as its synonym 兩|两 "liahn") / to pronounce a word using such a reading / (Japanese linguistics) kun-reading, a pronunciation of a kanji derived from a native Japanese word that matches its meaning rather than from the pronunciation of the character in a Sinitic language at the time it was imported from China (Note: A kun-reading of a character is distinguished from its on-reading(s) 音讀|音读[yin1 du2]. For example, 山 has a kun-reading "yama" and an on-reading "san".)
(old) to select talented scholars for government service (through exams etc) / (Zhou dynasty) distinguished individuals selected and recommended from various regions to the central government
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