元 yuán currency unit (esp. Chinese yuan) / (bound form) first / original / primary / (bound form) basic / fundamental / (bound form) constituent / part / (prefix) meta- / (math.) argument / variable / era (of a reign) / (Tw) (geology) eon syn 地盘 地盤 dì pán domain / territory under one's control / foundation of a building / base of operations / crust of earth syn 走向 zǒu xiàng direction / strike (i.e. angle of inclination in geology) / inclination / trend / to move towards / to head for 台阶 臺階 tái jiē steps / flight of steps / step (over obstacle) / fig. way out of an embarrassing situation / bench (geology) syn 斗篷 dǒu peng cloak / mantle syn 甲壳 甲殼 jiǎ qiào carapace / crust / outer shell / also pr. [jia3 ke2] syn 层面 層面 céng miàn aspect / facet / level (political, psychological, spiritual etc) / (geology) bedding plane syn 岩浆 岩漿 yán jiāng (geology) magma 构造 構造 gòu zào structure / composition / tectonic (geology) / CL:個|个[ge4] syn 熔岩 róng yán (geology) lava 断层 斷層 duàn céng fault (geology) (CL:道[dao4]) / (fig.) gap / rupture (in the transmission of some skill) / (tomography) cross-sectional 变质 變質 biàn zhì to degenerate / to deteriorate / (of food) to go bad / to go off / (geology) metamorphism syn 褶皱 褶皺 zhě zhòu fold / crease / wrinkle / (geology) fold syn 地质 地質 dì zhì geology 板块 板塊 bǎn kuài slab / (geology) tectonic plate / (fig.) sector (of the stock market or of industry) / (economic) bloc 地壳 地殼 dì qiào the Earth's crust 地核 dì hé core of the earth (geology) syn 内核 內核 nèi hé core (of a fruit) / (fig.) the essence (of a concept or doctrine etc) / (geology) inner core / (computing) kernel syn 积雪 積雪 jī xuě snow / snow cover / snow mantle syn 沉积 沉積 chén jī sediment / deposit / sedimentation (geology) syn 剪切 jiǎn qiē to cut (with scissors or similar tool) / to shear / (geology) shear / (computing) to cut (as in "cut-and-paste") syn 地质学 地質學 dì zhì xué geology 地层 地層 dì céng stratum (geology) 硬壳 硬殼 yìng ké crust / hard shell syn 衣钵 衣缽 yī bō the cassock and alms bowl of a Buddhist master passed on to the favorite disciple (Buddhism) / legacy / mantle 风口 風口 fēng kǒu air vent / drafty place / wind gap (geology) / tuyere (furnace air nozzle) / (fig.) hot trend / fad 玄武岩 xuán wǔ yán (geology) basalt 地块 地塊 dì kuài parcel of land / (geology) massif 软泥 軟泥 ruǎn ní soft mud / silt / sludge / ooze (geology) 地貌 dì mào (geology) landform / geomorphology syn 层状 層狀 céng zhuàng stratified / bedded (geology) 溶洞 róng dòng (geology) solutional cave (typically, a limestone cave) 孔隙 kǒng xì pore (geology) syn 喀斯特 kā sī tè (geology) karst (loanword) 岩溶 yán róng (geology) karst 硬皮 yìng pí crust (of a solidified liquid etc) 剥蚀 剝蝕 bō shí to corrode / to expose by corrosion (geology) 重晶石 zhòng jīng shí barite (geology) 向斜 xiàng xié syncline (geology) 地幔 dì màn (geology) (the earth's) mantle 宙 zhòu eternity / (geology) eon 火成岩 huǒ chéng yán igneous rock (geology) / volcanic rock 沉积岩 沉積岩 chén jī yán sedimentary rock (geology) 矿体 礦體 kuàng tǐ ore body (geology) syn 硅化木 guī huà mù petrified wood (geology) 砾岩 礫岩 lì yán conglomerate (geology) 文石 wén shí aragonite (geology) 岩石圈 yán shí quān lithosphere (in geology, the rigid crust of the earth) 地层学 地層學 dì céng xué stratigraphy (geology) 白云岩 白雲岩 bái yún yán dolomite (geology) 背斜 bèi xié anticline (geology) 裂谷 liè gǔ (geology) rift valley 辉长岩 輝長岩 huī cháng yán gabbro (geology) 斑岩 bān yán porphyry (geology) 水圈 shuǐ quān the earth's ocean / the hydrosphere (geology) 断裂带 斷裂帶 duàn liè dài fault zone (geology) 变质岩 變質岩 biàn zhì yán metamorphic rock (geology) 蛇纹石 蛇紋石 shé wén shí serpentine (geology) 富钴铁锰壳 富鈷鐵錳殼 cobalt-rich ferromanganese crust / cobalt-rich iron-manganese crust / cobalt crust 地幔下部，内地幔，中间层 地幔下部，內地幔，中間層 lower mantle / inner mantle 上地幔 upper mantle / outer mantle 外地幔 upper mantle / outer mantle 铁锰壳 鐵錳殼 ferromanganese crust / iron manganese crust 新地壳 新地殼 new crust / newly created crust 地壳边界 地殼邊界 continent / ocean boundary / oceanic / continental crust boundary / crust boundary 过渡性地壳 過渡性地殼 gradational crust / transition crust 芝心 zhī xīn stuffed crust (pizza) / cheesy crust 地函 dì hán (geology) (the earth's) mantle (Tw) 大洋型地壳 大洋型地殼 dà yáng xíng dì qiào oceanic crust (geology) 洋底地壳 洋底地殼 yáng dǐ dì qiào oceanic crust (geology) 洋壳 洋殼 yáng qiào oceanic crust (geology) 矽镁层 矽鎂層 xī měi céng sima (geology) / silicon and magnesium layer in earth's crust 环境地质学 環境地質學 environmental geology / geo-ecology / eco-geology / geotechnics 生态地质学 生態地質學 environmental geology / geo-ecology / eco-geology / geotechnics 继承衣钵 繼承衣缽 jì chéng yī bō to take up sb's mantle / to follow in sb's steps 地幔柱 mantle plume / plume 面包皮 麵包皮 miàn bāo pí crust 构造运动 構造運動 gòu zào yùn dòng tectonic movement / movement of earth's crust 壳儿 殼兒 ké r shell / crust 结壳 結殼 jiē ké crust / crusting / incrustation 蝴蝶酥 hú dié sū crispy short-crust pastry / mille-feuilles 富钴壳 crust pavement 大陆性地壳 continental crust 地壳裂片 crust sliver / continental strap 大陆地壳和海洋地壳过渡区 大陸地殼和海洋地殼過渡區 continent / ocean crust transition / continent-ocean transition 下落地壳 下落地殼 downthrown crust 上地壳 上地殼 upper crust 海洋性地壳 海洋性地殼 oceanic crust 矿壳开采 礦殼開采 crust mining 下地壳 下地殼 lower crust 结壳 結殼 jié ké crust / crusting / incrustation 菠萝包 菠蘿包 bō luó bāo pineapple bun, a sweet bun popular esp. in Hong Kong (typically does not contain pineapple – the name comes from the rough top crust which resembles pineapple skin) 变质作用 變質作用 biàn zhì zuò yòng metamorphism (geology) 捕虏岩 捕虜岩 bǔ lǔ yán xenolith (geology) 沉积作用 沉積作用 chén jī zuò yòng sedimentation (geology) 橄榄岩 橄欖岩 gǎn lǎn yán peridotite (geology) 辉绿岩 輝綠岩 huī lǜ yán diabase (geology) / dolerite 全新纪 全新紀 quán xīn jì (geology) the Holocene Epoch 全新世 quán xīn shì (geology) the Holocene Epoch 