和 huó to combine a powdery substance (flour, plaster etc) with water / Taiwan pr. [huo4] syn 水 shuǐ water / (after a name) ... River / to swim (used mostly in 會水|会水[hui4shui3] and 水性[shui3xing4]) / (coll.) lacking in substance / shoddy / (bound form) additional cost / extra income / classifier for washings of a garment syn 内容 內容 nèi róng content / substance / details / CL:個|个[ge4],項|项[xiang4] syn 体 體 tǐ body / form / style / system / substance / to experience / aspect (linguistics) syn 物质 物質 wù zhì matter / substance / material / materialistic / CL:個|个[ge4] syn 气体 氣體 qì tǐ gas (i.e. gaseous substance) syn 物体 物體 wù tǐ object / body / substance syn 毒物 dú wù poisonous substance / poison syn 实体 實體 shí tǐ entity / substance / thing that has a material existence (as opposed to a conceptual, virtual or online existence) / the real thing (as opposed to an image or model of it) syn 实质 實質 shí zhì substance / essence syn 硫酸 liú suān sulfuric acid H2SO4 / sulfate 尖酸 jiān suān harsh / scathing / acid (remarks) syn 盐酸 鹽酸 yán suān hydrochloric acid HCl 精炼 精煉 jīng liàn to refine (a substance) / to purify / to refine (one's skills, writing etc) / refined / polished / succinct / skilled / capable syn 碳酸 tàn suān carbonic acid / carbonate 两性 兩性 liǎng xìng male and female / both types (acid and alkaline, positive and negative etc) / (chemistry) amphoteric 脂肪酸 zhī fáng suān fatty acid 定性 dìng xìng to determine the nature (of sth) / to determine the chemical composition (of a substance) / qualitative syn 胃酸 wèi suān gastric acid syn 磷酸 lín suān phosphoric acid 有机物 有機物 yǒu jī wù organic substance / organic matter 丙烯酸 bǐng xī suān acrylic acid C3H4O2 乳酸 rǔ suān lactic acid 里子 裡子 lǐ zi lining / (fig.) substance (as opposed to outward appearance) 油膏 yóu gāo semi-solid fat-based substance / (medicine) ointment 氨基酸 ān jī suān amino acid 硝酸 xiāo suān nitric acid syn 油酸 yóu suān oleic acid 酸雨 suān yǔ acid rain 花里胡哨 花裡胡哨 huā li hú shào gaudy / flashy (but without substance) syn 乙酸 yǐ suān acetic acid (CH3COOH) / ethanoic acid syn 核酸 hé suān nucleic acid / (coll.) nucleic acid test (abbr. for 核酸檢測|核酸检测[he2suan1 jian3ce4]) 柠檬酸 檸檬酸 níng méng suān citric acid 酸溜溜 suān liū liū sour / acid syn 不痛不痒 不痛不癢 bù tòng bù yǎng lit. doesn't hurt, doesn't tickle (idiom) / sth is wrong, but not quite sure what / fig. not getting to any matter of substance / scratching the surface / superficial / perfunctory syn 醋酸 cù suān acetic acid (CH3COOH) / acetate syn 叶酸 葉酸 yè suān folic acid 换汤不换药 換湯不換藥 huàn tāng bù huàn yào different broth but the same old medicine (idiom) / a change in name only / a change in form but not in substance syn 氰酸 qíng suān cyanic acid HCN 苯甲酸 běn jiǎ suān benzoic acid C6H5COOH 硬脂酸 yìng zhī suān stearic acid / stearate 硼酸 péng suān boric acid H3BO3 谷氨酸 穀氨酸 gǔ ān suān glutamic acid (Glu), an amino acid 甲酸 jiǎ suān formylic acid (HCOOH) / formic acid / methanoic acid 水杨酸 水楊酸 shuǐ yáng suān salicylic acid 烟酸 煙酸 yān suān niacin (vitamin B3) / 3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid C6H5NO2 / nicotinic acid syn 硅酸 guī suān silicic acid / silicate 抗坏血酸 抗壞血酸 kàng huài xuè suān vitamin C / ascorbic acid 亚硝酸 亞硝酸 yà xiāo suān nitrous acid 乳酸菌 rǔ suān jūn lactic acid bacteria 草酸 cǎo suān oxalic acid C2H2O4 点题 點題 diǎn tí to bring out the main theme / to make the point / to bring out the substance concisely 花架子 huā jià zi attractive appearance, but without substance 有害物质 有害物質 yǒu hài wù zhì hazardous substance 倾国倾城 傾國傾城 qīng guó qīng chéng lit. capable of causing the downfall of a city or state (idiom) / fig. (of a woman) devastatingly beautiful / also written 傾城傾國|倾城倾国[qing1 cheng2 qing1 guo2] syn 耐酸 nài suān acid-resistant 赖氨酸 賴氨酸 lài ān suān lysine (Lys), an essential amino acid 酒石酸 jiǔ shí suān tartaric acid 蛋氨酸 dàn ān suān methionine (Met), an essential amino acid 单质 單質 dān zhì simple substance (consisting purely of one element, such as diamond) 酪氨酸 lào ān suān tyrosine (Tyr), an amino acid 耐受性 nài shòu xìng tolerance (to heat, acid etc) / resistance 醇酸 chún suān alkyd / alcohol acid / hydroxyacid 羧酸 suō suān carboxylic acid 丙氨酸 bǐng ān suān alanine (Ala), an amino acid 透明质酸 透明質酸 tòu míng zhì suān hyaluronic acid / hyaluronan 冰醋酸 bīng cù suān glacial acetic acid syn 半胱氨酸 bàn guāng ān suān cysteine (Cys), an amino acid / mercaptoethyl amine 亚麻酸 亞麻酸 yà má suān linolenic acid 甘氨酸 gān ān suān glycine (Gly), an amino acid 精氨酸 jīng ān suān argnine (Arg), an essential amino acid 油子 yóu zi dense and sticky substance / (dialect) wily old fox syn 淋球菌 lìn qiú jūn gonococcus / Neisseria gonorrhoeae, the pathogen causing gonorrhea 色氨酸 sè ān suān tryptophan (Trp), an essential amino acid 虚有其表 虛有其表 xū yǒu qí biǎo looks impressive but is worthless (idiom) / not as good as it looks / a reputation with no substance syn 药 藥 yào medicine / drug / substance used for a specific purpose (e.g. poisoning, explosion, fermenting) / CL:種|种[zhong3],服[fu4],味[wei4] / to poison syn 酸 suān sour / tart / sick at heart / grieved / sore / aching / pedantic / impractical / to make sarcastic remarks about sb / an acid syn 氢氟酸 氫氟酸 qīng fú suān hydrofluoric acid HF 易燃物 yì rán wù flammable substance syn 硌 gè (coll.) (of sth hard or rough) to press against some part of one's body causing discomfort (like a small stone in one's shoe) / to hurt / to chafe syn 馏 餾 liú to distill / to break a liquid substance up into components by boiling syn 亚硫酸 亞硫酸 yà liú suān sulfurous acid H2SO3 单宁酸 單寧酸 dān níng suān tannic acid (loanword) 氟化氢 氟化氫 fú huà qīng hydrofluoric acid syn 氢溴酸 氫溴酸 qīng xiù suān hydrobromic acid HBr 弱酸 ruò suān weak acid 二元论 二元論 èr yuán lùn dualism, belief that the universe is made of two different substance (e.g. mind and matter or good and evil) 丙酮酸 bǐng tóng suān pyruvic acid CH3COCOOH 丝氨酸 絲氨酸 sī ān suān serine (Ser), an amino acid 苏氨酸 蘇氨酸 sū ān suān threonine (Thr), an essential amino acid 一元论 一元論 yī yuán lùn monism, belief that the universe is made of a single substance 己二酸 jǐ èr suān adipic acid 亮氨酸 liàng ān suān leucine (Leu), an essential amino acid 组氨酸 組氨酸 zǔ ān suān histidine (His), an essential amino acid 高氯酸 gāo lǜ suān perchloric acid 碘酸 diǎn suān iodic acid 言之无物 言之無物 yán zhī wú wù (of a writing etc) to have no substance (idiom) / to carry no weight syn 异亮氨酸 異亮氨酸 yì liàng ān suān isoleucine (Ile), an essential amino acid 酰 xiān acid radical / -acyl (chemistry) 