俄语 俄語 é yǔ Russian (language) 伊凡 yī fán Ivan (Russian name) 卢布 盧布 lú bù ruble (Russian currency) (loanword) 列宁 列寧 liè níng Vladimir Ilyich Lenin (1870-1924), Russian revolutionary leader 米格 mǐ gé MiG / Russian Aircraft Corporation / Mikoyan 维奇 維奇 wéi qí Pope Vigilius (in office 537-555) / phonetic -vich or -wich in Russian names 红军 紅軍 hóng jūn Red Army (1928-1937), predecessor of the PLA / (Soviet) Red Army (1917-1946) syn 托尔斯泰 托爾斯泰 tuō ěr sī tài Tolstoy (name) / Count Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy (1828-1910), great Russian novelist, author of War and Peace 戰爭與和平|战争与和平 三军 三軍 sān jūn (in former times) upper, middle and lower army / army of right, center and left / (in modern times) the three armed services: Army, Navy and Air Force syn 俄文 é wén Russian language 集团军 集團軍 jí tuán jūn army grouping / collective army 正规军 正規軍 zhèng guī jūn regular army / standing army 契诃夫 契訶夫 qì hē fū Anton Pavlovich Chekhov (1860-1904), Russian writer famous for his short stories and plays 普希金 pǔ xī jīn Alexandr Sergeevich Pushkin (1799-1837), great Russian romantic poet 俄罗斯人 俄羅斯人 é luó sī rén Russian (person) 调兵遣将 調兵遣將 diào bīng qiǎn jiàng to move an army and send a general (idiom) / to deploy an army / to send a team on a task syn 旅顺 旅順 lǚ shùn Lüshun / Lüshunkou district of Dalian city 大連市|大连市, Liaoning / called Port Arthur during Russian occupation and Russian-Japanese war of 1905 高尔基 高爾基 gāo ěr jī Gorkii (name) / Maxim Gorkii (1868-1936), Russian proletarian writer and propagandist 政治委员 政治委員 zhèng zhì wěi yuán political commissar (during Russian and Chinese communist revolutions) 杜马 杜馬 dù mǎ Duma, lower chamber of Russian parliament 俄国人 俄國人 é guó rén Russian (person) 关东军 關東軍 guān dōng jūn Japanese Kwantung army (or Kantō army), notorious for numerous atrocities in China during WWII 绿营 綠營 lǜ yíng Green Standard Army, standing infantry during Qing dynasty, originally formed from Ming and other Chinese army units 元军 元軍 yuán jūn Mongol army / army of Yuan dynasty 毛子 máo zi hairy fellow / foreigner / Russian (derog.) / bandit (old) / tuft of fine hair 俄联邦 俄聯邦 é lián bāng the Russian Federation 阿尔泰 阿爾泰 ā ěr tài Altai republic in Russian central Asia, capital Gorno-Altaysk 瞿秋白 qū qiū bái Qu Qiubai (1899-1935), politician, Soviet expert of the Chinese communists at time of Soviet influence, publisher and Russian translator, captured and executed by Guomindang at the time of the Long March 中俄关系 中俄關系 zhōng é guān xì Sino-Russian relations 项英 項英 xiàng yīng Xiang Ying (1898-1941), communist general involved in forming the New Fourth Army 新四軍|新四军[Xin1 si4 jun1], killed in 1941 during the New Fourth Army incident 皖南事變|皖南事变[Wan3 nan2 Shi4 bian4] 柴可夫斯基 chái kě fū sī jī Tchaikovsky (1840-1893), Russian composer 托洛茨基 託洛茨基 tuō luò cí jī Leon Trotsky (1879-1940), a leader in the Russian Revolution in 1917 加加林 jiā jiā lín Yuri Gagarin (1934-1968), Russian cosmonaut, first human in space 门捷列夫 門捷列夫 mén jié liè fū Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev (1834-1907), Russian chemist who introduced the periodic table 罗斯托夫 羅斯托夫 luó sī tuō fū Rostov-on-Don, Russian river port and regional capital close to Sea of Azov (north of the Black Sea) 常胜军 常勝軍 cháng shèng jūn Ever Victorious Army (1860-1864), Qing dynasty army equipped and trained jointly with Europeans and used esp. against the Taiping rebels 白军 白軍 bái jūn White Guard or White Movement, anti-communist troops fighting against the Bolsheviks during the Russian Civil War (1917-1922) 兵痞 bīng pǐ army riffraff / army ruffian / soldier of fortune syn 拜科努尔 拜科努爾 bài kē nǔ ěr Baikonur (Russian space launch site in Kazakhstan) 俄罗斯族 俄羅斯族 é luó sī zú Russian ethnic group (of northeast China and Xinjiang etc) / Russian nationality / Russians (of Russia) 进行 進行 jìn xíng (of a process etc) to proceed / to be in progress / to be underway / (of people) to carry out / to conduct (an investigation or discussion etc) / (of an army etc) to be on the march / to advance syn 师 師 shī teacher / master / expert / model / army division / (old) troops / to dispatch troops syn 上校 shàng xiào high ranking officer in Chinese army / colonel 部队 部隊 bù duì army / armed forces / troops / force / unit / CL:個|个[ge4] syn 中尉 zhōng wèi lieutenant (navy) / first lieutenant (army) / subaltern 兵 bīng soldiers / a force / an army / weapons / arms / military / warlike / CL:個|个[ge4] syn 制服 zhì fú to subdue / to check / to bring under control / (in former times) what one is allowed to wear depending on social status / uniform (army, party, school etc) / livery (for company employees) / CL:套[tao4] 军 軍 jūn (bound form) army / military syn 少校 shào xiào junior ranking officer in Chinese army / major / lieutenant commander 巡逻 巡邏 xún luó to patrol (police, army or navy) syn 中校 zhōng xiào middle ranking officer in Chinese army / lieutenant colonel / commander 服役 fú yì to serve in the army / in active service syn 陆军 陸軍 lù jūn army / ground forces syn 美军 美軍 měi jūn US army / US armed forces 下士 xià shì lowest-ranked noncommissioned officer (e.g. corporal in the army or petty officer, third class in the navy) 参军 參軍 cān jūn to join the army / (official title in imperial China) military adviser / aide-de-camp syn 叛军 叛軍 pàn jūn rebel army 当兵 當兵 dāng bīng to serve in the army / to be a soldier syn 巡逻队 巡邏隊 xún luó duì (army, police) patrol 入伍 rù wǔ to enter the army / to enlist syn 新兵 xīn bīng new (army) recruit syn 大军 大軍 dà jūn army / main forces syn 逃兵 táo bīng army deserter 少尉 shào wèi second lieutenant (army rank) 军营 軍營 jūn yíng barracks / army camp syn 兵团 兵團 bīng tuán large military unit / formation / corps / army 主力 zhǔ lì main force / main strength of an army 十字军 十字軍 shí zì jūn crusaders / army of crusaders / the Crusades 日军 日軍 rì jūn Japanese army / Japanese troops 军衔 軍銜 jūn xián army rank / military rank 后撤 後撤 hòu chè to pull back (an army) / to retreat syn 英军 英軍 yīng jūn British army 纵队 縱隊 zòng duì column / file (formation of people) (CL:列[lie4],路[lu4]) / PLA army corps (1946-1949) (CL:個|个[ge4]) 从军 從軍 cóng jūn to enlist / to serve in the army syn 列兵 liè bīng private (army) 军旅 軍旅 jūn lǚ army syn 解放军 解放軍 jiě fàng jūn People's Liberation Army (PRC armed forces) syn 开小差 開小差 kāi xiǎo chāi to be absent-minded / to desert / to abscond from the army / absent without leave (AWOL) syn 全军覆没 全軍覆沒 quán jūn fù mò total defeat of an army (idiom) / fig. a complete wipeout syn 兵马俑 兵馬俑 bīng mǎ yǒng figurines of warriors and horses buried with the dead / Terracotta Army (historic site) syn 兵变 兵變 bīng biàn mutiny / (Tw) to be dumped by one's girlfriend while serving in the army 全军 全軍 quán jūn whole army 纸上谈兵 紙上談兵 zhǐ shàng tán bīng lit. military tactics on paper (idiom) / fig. theoretical discussion that is worse than useless in practice / armchair strategist / idle theorizing / cf Zhao Kuo 趙括|赵括[Zhao4 Kuo4] leading an army of 400,000 to total annihilation at battle of Changping 長平之戰|长平之战[Chang2 ping2 zhi1 Zhan4] in 260 BC syn 政府军 政府軍 zhèng fǔ jūn government army 政委 zhèng wěi political commissar (within the army) 大尉 dà wèi captain (army rank) / senior captain 号令 號令 hào lìng an order (esp. army) / bugle call expressing military order / verbal command syn 革命军 革命軍 gé mìng jūn revolutionary army syn 远征军 遠征軍 yuǎn zhēng jūn expeditionary force / army on a distant expedition 粮草 糧草 liáng cǎo army provisions / rations and fodder syn 志愿军 志願軍 zhì yuàn jūn volunteer army syn 招兵买马 招兵買馬 zhāo bīng mǎi mǎ lit. to recruit soldiers and buy horses (idiom) / fig. to raise an army / to recruit new staff syn 勤务兵 勤務兵 qín wù bīng army orderly syn 军粮 軍糧 jūn liáng army provisions 皇军 皇軍 huáng jūn imperial army (esp. Japanese) 大校 dà xiào senior ranking officer in Chinese army / senior colonel syn 旗手 qí shǒu a flag carrier (army) / ensign 残兵败将 殘兵敗將 cán bīng bài jiàng ruined army, defeated general (idiom) / scattered remnants syn 上等兵 shàng děng bīng private first class (army rank) 