Wu Sangui (1612-1678), Chinese general who let the Manchus into China and helped them establish the Qing Dynasty, later leading a revolt against Qing in an effort to start his own dynasty
Rehe, Qing dynasty province abolished in 1955 and divided among Hebei, Liaoning and Inner Mongolia / refers to the Qing imperial resort at Chengde / see also 避暑山莊|避暑山庄[bi4 shu3 shan1 zhuang1] (history)
Biographic History of Qing Dynasty by a succession of authors, published 1928 and revised 1987, with biographies of 2,900 notable Qing commoner citizens, 80 scrolls
boss / sir (person with a leading role in an organization) / (after a surname) high ranking commander in the PLA / (Qing dynasty) high ranking government official / (old) courteous term used by the general populace in addressing a rank-and-file soldier or police officer
special administrative region (SAR), of which there are two in the PRC: Hong Kong 香港 and Macau 澳門|澳门 / refers to many different areas during late Qing, foreign occupation, warlord period and Nationalist government / refers to special zones in North Korea and Indonesia
Manchurian wild rice (Zizania latifolia), now rare in the wild, formerly harvested for its grain, now mainly cultivated for its edible stem known as 茭白筍|茭白笋[jiao1bai2sun3], which is swollen by a smut fungus / (variant of 菇[gu1]) mushroom
the Mukden or Manchurian Railway Incident of 18th September 1931 used by the Japanese as a pretext to annex Manchuria / also known as Liutiaogou incident 柳條溝事變|柳条沟事变
the Mukden or Manchurian railway incident of 18th September 1931 used by the Japanese as a pretext to annex Manchuria / also known as 9-18 incident 九一八事变
the Mukden or Manchurian Railway Incident of 18th September 1931 used by the Japanese as a pretext to annex Manchuria / also known as 9-18 incident 九一八事變|九一八事变[Jiu3 Yi1 ba1 Shi4 bian4]
Joint communiqué of the Government of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Government of the Republic of Rwanda on a common approach to ending the threat posed to peace and stability in both countries and the Great Lakes region / Nairobi Joint Comm
Acting Together for Kenya - Agreement on the principles of partnership of the coalition Government / Agreement on the Principles of Partnership of the Coalition Government
Summit Conference of Heads of State or Government of Non-Aligned Countries / Conference of Heads of State or Government of Non-Aligned Countries / NAM Summit
Summit Conference of Heads of State or Government of Non-Aligned Countries / Conference of Heads of State or Government of Non-Aligned Countries / NAM Summit
(old) to select talented scholars for government service (through exams etc) / (Zhou dynasty) distinguished individuals selected and recommended from various regions to the central government
south of Changjiang or Yangtze river / south of the lower reaches of Changjiang / often refers to south Jiangsu, south Anhui and north Zhejiang provinces / a province during Qing times / in literature, refers to the sunny south / Gangnam (district in Seoul, South Korea)
to instruct the young / to initiate / to awake sb from ignorance / to free sb from prejudice or superstition / primer / enlightened / the Enlightenment / Western learning from the late Qing dynasty
old-style money shop (a type of private bank that first appeared in the Ming dynasty, flourished in the Qing, and was phased out after 1949) / (in recent times) informal financial company, often operating at the edges of what is legal
New Armies (modernized Qing armies, trained and equipped according to Western standards, founded after Japan's victory in the First Sino-Japanese War in 1895)
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