防汛 fáng xùn flood control / anti-flood (precautions) syn 防洪 fáng hóng flood control / flood prevention syn 洪流 hóng liú a powerful current / a flood (often fig., e.g. a flood of ideas) syn 水灾 水災 shuǐ zāi flood / flood damage syn 泄洪 洩洪 xiè hóng to release flood water / flood discharge 分洪 fēn hóng to separate flood / flood defense 暴洪 bào hóng a sudden, violent flood / flash flood syn 自习 自習 zì xí to study outside of class time (reviewing one's lessons) / to study in one's free time / individual study syn 自学 自學 zì xué self-study / to study on one's own syn 自修 zì xiū to study on one's own / self-study syn 治学 治學 zhì xué scholarship / high-level study / to do scholarly research / to pursue a high level of study 道学 道學 dào xué Confucian study of ethics / study of Daoism / school for Daoism in Tang and Song times / Daoist magic / another name for 理學|理学, rational learning of Song dynasty neo-Confucianism 半工半读 半工半讀 bàn gōng bàn dú part work, part study / work-study program syn 推究 tuī jiū to study / to examine / to probe / to study the underlying principles syn 业精于勤 業精於勤 yè jīng yú qín mastery of study lies in diligence (idiom). You can only master a subject by assiduous study. / Excellence in work is only possible with diligence. / Practice makes perfect. 横断面研究 橫斷面研究 héng duàn miàn yán jiū cross-sectional survey / cross-sectional study / prevalence study Ｋ书 Ｋ書 K shū to cram (Taiwan, from Taiwanese khè su 齧書, lit. to gnaw a book) / to study / see also 啃書|啃书[ken3 shu1] / (Tw) to cram (from Taiwanese 齧書, Tai-lo pr. [khè su], lit. to gnaw a book) / to study / see also 啃書|啃书[ken3 shu1] 纵向研究 縱向研究 zòng xiàng yán jiù longitudinal study / follow-up study 年度研究生研究方案 nián duó yán jiū shēng yán jiū fāng àn Annual Graduate Study Programme / Graduate Study Programme 病例对照研究 bìng lì duì zhào yán jiū case-control study / case-referent study 后续研究 后續研究 hòu xù yán jiū longitudinal study / follow-up study 第四阶段研究 第四階段研究 dì sì jiē duàn yán jiū phase IV study / post-marketing study 上市后研究 shàng shì hòu yán jiū phase IV study / post-marketing study 组群研究 組群研究 zǔ qún yán jiū cohort study / follow-up study 追踪研究 追蹤研究 zhuī zōng yán jiū cohort study / follow-up study 初探 chū tàn to conduct an exploratory foray into (an area of study, a market etc) / a preliminary study 科学政策训练研究所 科學政策訓練研究所 institute for science policy training and study 决策 決策 jué cè strategic decision / decision-making / policy decision / to determine policy syn 新政 xīn zhèng new policy / New Deal (Roosevelt's 1933 policy to deal with the Great Depression) syn 八字方针 八字方針 bā zì fāng zhēn a policy expressed as an eight-character slogan / (esp.) the eight-character slogan for the economic policy proposed by Li Fuchun 李富春[Li3 Fu4chun1] in 1961: 調整、鞏固、充實、提高|调整、巩固、充实、提高 "adjust, consolidate, enrich and improve" 善策 shàn cè wise policy / best policy 门户开放 門戶開放 mén hù kāi fàng open door policy / Egyptian President Sadat's infitah policy towards investment and relations with Israel 三光政策 sān guāng zhèng cè Three Alls Policy (kill all, burn all, loot all), Japanese policy in China during WWII 叁年期全面政策审查 三年期全面政策審查 triennial comprehensive policy review of operational activities for development of the United Nations system / triennial comprehensive policy review 联合国大学学术出版政策 聯合國大學學術出版政策 United Nations University Policy on Scholarly Publishing / policy on scholarly publishing 欧洲安全和防卫政策 歐洲安全和防衛政策 European Security and Defence Policy / Common European Security and Defence Policy 欧洲共同安全和防卫政策 歐洲共同安全和防衛政策 European Security and Defence Policy / Common European Security and Defence Policy 社会政策、卫生政策和死亡率前景讨论会 社會政策、衛生政策和死亡率前景討論會 Seminar on Social Policy, Health Policy and Mortality Prospects 大流行病高级应急政策小组 大流行病高級應急政策小組 Pandemic Senior Emergency Policy Team / Senior Emergency Policy Team 欧洲安全和防卫政策法治特派团 歐洲安全和防衛政策法治特派團 European Security and Defense Policy Rule of Law Mission / European Security and Defence Policy Mission / ESDP Mission 安全防卫团 安全防衛團 European Security and Defense Policy Rule of Law Mission / European Security and Defence Policy Mission / ESDP Mission 伤病员后送待运政策 傷病員後送待運政策 holding policy / evacuation policy 联合国全球政策模型 聯合國全球政策模型 United Nations Global Policy Model / Global Policy Model 淹没 淹沒 yān mò to submerge / to drown / to flood / to drown out (also fig.) syn 洪水 hóng shuǐ deluge / flood syn 充斥 chōng chì to be full of / to flood / to congest syn 大水 dà shuǐ flood syn 抗洪 kàng hóng to fight a flood 汛期 xùn qī flood season 刷屏 shuā píng to flood (on an Internet forum etc) 洪灾 洪災 hóng zāi flood syn 洪涝 洪澇 hóng lào flood / inundation / flooding syn 洪峰 hóng fēng flood peak syn 泛滥成灾 泛濫成災 fàn làn chéng zāi lit. to flood (idiom) / fig. rampant / in plague proportions syn 长驱直入 長驅直入 cháng qū zhí rù to march straight in unchallenged (military) (idiom) / (fig.) to push deep into the heart of sth / to flood in 流泻 流瀉 liú xiè to flow / to flood syn 百年不遇 bǎi nián bù yù only met with once every hundred years (drought, flood etc) syn 汛情 xùn qíng water levels during the flood season 倒灌 dào guàn to flow backwards (of water, because of flood, tide, wind etc) / reverse flow / to back up (sewage) syn 水害 shuǐ hài flood damage syn 旱涝保收 旱澇保收 hàn lào bǎo shōu to provide a stable crop, regardless of drought or flood / to bring a stable income 水火无情 水火無情 shuǐ huǒ wú qíng fire and flood have no mercy (idiom) syn 泛 fàn (bound form) general / non-specific / extensive / pan- / to flood / (literary) to float about / to be suffused with (a color, emotion, odor etc) syn 洪 hóng flood / big / great syn 淹 yān to flood / to submerge / to drown / to irritate the skin (of liquids) / to delay syn 泻 瀉 xiè to flow out swiftly / to flood / a torrent / diarrhea / laxative syn 汛 xùn high water / flood / to sprinkle water syn 淼 miǎo a flood / infinity syn 洚 jiàng flood 洪福齐天 洪福齊天 hóng fú qí tiān flood of good fortune fills the heavens (idiom) / a lucky sign syn 涕泗滂沱 tì sì pāng tuó a flood of tears and mucus / broken-hearted and weeping bitterly 淊 yān variant of 淹[yan1] / to flood 伏汛 fú xùn summer flood 凌汛 líng xùn ice-jam flood (arising when river downstream freezes more than upstream) 排洪 pái hóng to drain flood-water 春汛 chūn xùn spring flood 桃汛 táo xùn spring flood (at peach-blossom time) 桃花汛 táo huā xùn spring flood (at peach-blossom time) 泄洪闸 洩洪閘 xiè hóng zhá sluice-gate / flood discharge valve 洪水期 hóng shuǐ qī flood season 洪汛期 hóng xùn qī flood season 淹灭 淹滅 yān miè to submerge / to flood / to bury 淹蓋 yān gài to submerge / to flood / to drown out 灾变说 災變說 zāi biàn shuō catastrophism (theory that geological changes are brought about by catastrophes such as the biblical flood) 灾变论 災變論 zāi biàn lùn catastrophism / the theory that geological change is caused by catastrophic events such as the Biblical flood 秋汛 qiū xùn autumn flood 山洪暴发 山洪暴發 shān hóng bào fā flash flood syn 暴涨的洪水 flash flood 减轻洪灾影响 jiǎn qīng hóng zāi yǐng xiǎng flood mitigation 减轻洪水影响的方法 flood mitigator 全面预防和管理洪灾损失手册和指导方针 Manual and Guidelines for Comprehensive Flood Loss Prevention and Management 洪水阶段 hóng shuǐ jiē duàn flood stage 洪水位 hóng shuǐ wèi flood level 洪水模式 hóng shuǐ mú shì flood pattern 洪水警报 hóng shuǐ jǐng bào flood warning 洪流玄武岩 hóng liú xuán wǔ yán traps / flood basalt 洪灾风险评估 洪災風險評估 flood risk assessment 融雪洪水 róng xuě hóng shuǐ snowmelt flood 疏洪渠 shū hóng qú flood control channel 