the five yuan (administrative branches of government) of the Republic of China under Sun Yat-sen's constitution: 行政院[Xing2 zheng4 yuan4] Executive Yuan, 立法院[Li4 fa3 yuan4] Legislative Yuan, 司法院[Si1 fa3 yuan4] Judicial Yuan, 考試院|考试院[Kao3 shi4 yuan4] Examination Yuan, 監察院|监察院[Jian1 cha2 yuan4] Control Yuan
Sun Yat-sen's Five-power constitution of Republic of China, then of Taiwan / The five courts or 院[yuan4] are 行政院[xing2 zheng4 yuan4] Executive yuan, 立法院[li4 fa3 yuan4] Legislative yuan, 司法院[si1 fa3 yuan4] Judicial yuan, 考試院|考试院[kao3 shi4 yuan4] Examination yuan, 監察院|监察院[jian1 cha2 yuan4] Control yuan
circle / round / circular / spherical / (of the moon) full / unit of Chinese currency (yuan) / tactful / to make consistent and whole (the narrative of a dream or a lie)
Ma Zhiyuan (c. 1250-1321), Yuan dynasty dramatist in the 雜劇|杂剧[za2 ju4] tradition of musical comedy, one of the Four Great Yuan Dramatists 元曲四大家[Yuan2 qu3 Si4 Da4 jia1]
Bayan (name) / Bayan of the Baarin (1236-1295), Mongol Yuan general under Khubilai Khan, victorious over the Southern Song 1235-1239 / Bayan of the Merkid (-1340), Yuan dynasty general and politician
anti-Yuan movement, opposing Yuan Shikai 袁世凱|袁世凯[Yuan2 Shi4 kai3] in National Protection War 護國戰爭|护国战争[Hu4 guo2 Zhan4 zheng1] 1915-1916 / same as 反袁鬥爭|反袁斗争[fan3 Yuan2 dou4 zheng1]
"Summary of the Collection of Rhymes Old and New", supplemented and annotated Yuan dynasty version of the no-longer-extant late Song or early Yuan "Collection of Rhymes Old and New" 古今韻會|古今韵会
Chinese language (Mandarin), emphasizing its national nature / Chinese as a primary or secondary school subject / Chinese in the context of the Nationalist Government / Guoyu, book of historical narrative c. 10th-5th century BC
single-character headword (in a dictionary) / first character of a Chinese word / the top part (esp. a radical) of a Chinese character / the initial of a Chinese syllable
Zhonghua, historical and cultural term for China, often used to denote Chinese civilization and identity (as in 中華文化|中华文化[Zhong1hua2 wen2hua4] "Chinese culture") / used in the official name of the Republic of China, 中華民國|中华民国[Zhong1hua2 Min2guo2]
three major stars of the Three Stars 參宿|参宿[Shen1 xiu4] Chinese constellation / the belt of Orion / three spirits 福[fu2], 祿|禄[lu4], and 壽|寿[shou4] associated with the Three Stars 參宿|参宿[Shen1 xiu4] Chinese constellation
combined ideogram (one of the Six Methods 六書|六书[liu4 shu1] of forming Chinese characters) / Chinese character that combines the meanings of existing elements / also known as joint ideogram or associative compound / to comprehend without being told explicitly / to cotton on / knowing (smile, glance etc)
transliteration (rendering phonetic value, e.g. of English words in Chinese characters) / characters giving phonetic value of Chinese word or name (when the correct characters may be unknown) / transcription (linguistics) / to transcribe phonetic symbols
one's age, according to the traditional Chinese method of reckoning (i.e. the number of Chinese calendar years in which one has lived) – In this system, a person's age at birth is one, and increases by one at the beginning of the first solar term 立春[Li4 chun1] each year, rather than on one's birthday. / contrasted with 實歲|实岁[shi2 sui4]
second of the ten Heavenly Stems 十天干[shi2 tian1 gan1] / second in order / letter "B" or Roman "II" in list "A, B, C", or "I, II, III" etc / second party (in legal contract, usually 乙方[yi3 fang1], as opposed to 甲方[jia3 fang1]) / ethyl / bent / winding / radical in Chinese characters (Kangxi radical 5) / ancient Chinese compass point: 105°
combined ideogram (one of the Six Methods 六書|六书 of forming Chinese characters) / Chinese character that combines the meanings of existing elements / also known as joint ideogram or associative compound
ideogram (one of the Six Methods 六書|六书 of forming Chinese characters) / Chinese character indicating an idea, such as up and down / also known as self-explanatory character
ideogram (one of the Six Methods 六書|六书 of forming Chinese characters) / Chinese character indicating an idea, such as up and down / also known as self-explanatory character
Standard Interchange Code for Generally Used Chinese Characters, a character encoding standard of Taiwan 1986-1992, aka CNS 11643-1986, where CNS stands for Chinese National Standard / abbr. to 通用碼|通用码[Tong1 yong4 ma3]
Standard Interchange Code for Generally Used Chinese Characters, a character encoding standard of Taiwan 1986-1992, aka CNS 11643-1986, where CNS stands for Chinese National Standard (abbr. for 通用漢字標準交換碼|通用汉字标准交换码[Tong1 yong4 Han4 zi4 Biao1 zhun3 Jiao1 huan4 ma3])
Zheng coding / original Chinese character coding based on component shapes, created by Zheng Yili 鄭易里|郑易里[Zheng4 Yi4 li3], underlying most stroke-based Chinese input methods / also called common coding 字根通用碼|字根通用码[zi4 gen1 tong1 yong4 ma3]
Office of Chinese Language Council International (known colloquially as "Hanban"), an organ of the PRC government which develops Chinese language and culture teaching resources worldwide, and has established Confucius Institutes 孔子學院|孔子学院[Kong3 zi3 Xue2 yuan4] internationally / abbr. to 漢辦|汉办[Han4 ban4]
Second Chinese Character Simplification Scheme (second round of simplified Chinese characters, proposed in 1977 and retracted in 1986) / abbr. to 二簡|二简[er4 jian3]
Second Chinese Character Simplification Scheme (second round of simplified Chinese characters, proposed in 1977 and retracted in 1986) / abbr. to 二簡|二简[er4 jian3]
derivation of a Chinese loanword from Japanese by using the same characters (or variants) but applying Chinese pronunciation (e.g. 場合|场合[chang3 he2], derived from Japanese 場合, pronounced "ba'ai")
Putonghua Proficiency Test, an official test of spoken fluency in Standard Chinese for native speakers of Chinese languages, developed in the PRC in 1994
Double First-Class University Plan, Chinese government project to develop both a group of Chinese universities and a group of subject disciplines to be world-class by 2050, implemented from 2017
(Chinese folk religion) Meng Po, goddess who gives a potion to souls before they are reincarnated, which makes them forget their previous life / (Chinese folk religion) Meng Po, goddess of the wind
a piece / a chunk / (fig.) (coll.) (typically preceded by a specifier such as 這|这[zhe4]) aspect / area / dimension (Example: 情感這一塊|情感这一块[qing2gan3 zhe4 yi1kuai4] "the emotional aspect (of it)") / (coll.) one yuan / a dollar / together / in the same place / in company
perpetual calendar / ten thousand year calendar / Islamic calendar introduced to Yuan China by Jamal al-Din 紮馬剌丁|扎马剌丁
The four tones
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